Memory (MSM)

Question 1

What components are in the multi-store model

Answer 1

Sensory register
Short term store
Long term store

Question 2

How does sensory register turn into short term store in the MSM?

Answer 2

Via attention

Question 3

What is the way information can be lost in the short term store of MSM

Answer 3

Displacement or decay

Question 4

How does short term store turn into long term store in MSM

Answer 4

Via Rehersal

Question 5

What are the 3 ways sensory info is registered in the MSM?

Answer 5

Ionic (deals with visual info)
Haptic (concerned touch)
Echoic (deals with auditory info)

Question 6

How can memory be lost from the long term store in MSM?

Answer 6

Interference with retrieval

Question 7

Sensory registers encoding, capacity, and duration

Answer 7

E - Limited
C - Very large
D - 1/4 second

Question 8

STM encoding, capacity, and duration

Answer 8

E - Acoustically (but also visual)
C - 7 +/- 2
D - Up to 30 seconds

Question 9

LTM capacity, and duration

Answer 9

C - unlimited

D- unlimited

Question 10

What are the main types of encoding

Answer 10

Visual (image)
Acoustic (sound)
Semantic (meaning)

Question 11

Why is it described as being a structural model

Answer 11

The info moves in a linear way

Question 12

Why are the stores described or having distinct characteristics

Answer 12

Each store has different encoding, capacity and duration

Question 13

How is it described using the word “rehearsed”

Answer 13

The more info that is rehearsed the easier it is to retrieve

Question 14

Why is it described as being unitary?

Answer 14

.Since the STM and LTM is a single store for each

.damage one memory without effecting the other

Question 15

+One assumption this makes is that it is unitary…

Answer 15

Physiological evidence
different stores associated with different regions of the brain E.g.
. Prefrontal cortex = STM
. Hippocampus = LTM
Been shown issuing fMRI scans showing areas of brain being active

Question 16

(Sensory memory) Iconic memory - Sperling (1960)

Answer 16

.presented pp with array of 3 rows of 4 letters, each for 1/20th of a second
.pp asked to recall all, but could only recall 4-5 (although remembered there where more letters)
.memory for many letters decayed before could report
.redid but pp told to report part
.part recall good, memory held 9-10
.full recall much lower as iconic memory thought to decay within fraction of a second

Question 17

(STM) Capacity - Millers 7+/-2 and chunking (1956)

Answer 17

.Average capacity is 7+/-2
.found that STM determined by number of “chunks” of info rather then num of singular letters
.However term “chunk” is too vague as found size of chunk can have impact on recall E.g
. Simon (1974) tested recall of 1-syllable, 2-syllable, and 3-syllable words & 2 words and 8 word phrases.
.larger chunks reduced memory span, pp recalling ⬇️ larger chunks and a ⬆️ num of smaller chunks

Question 18

DO MORE + and -

AND BRAIN INJURY EVIDENCE