Memory in STM and LTM Flashcards
What is encoding
The way that sensory input is represented by short term memory (e.g sound)
What’s duration
The length of time that information can be held in STM
Capacity of short term memory
7+- 2 chunks (Miller magic number)
What did Miller (1956) do in his study
Tested participants digit span
How long is duration of STM
About 20 seconds (Peterson and Peterson 1959)
What did Peterson and Peterson (1959) do?
Shown trigrams and then asked to count backwards(prevent rehearsal)and then to recall the trigram
How do we encode information?
Visual and acoustic
Who’s studies support each other’s ideas about encoding
Conrad and Baddeley
What did Conrad (1964) do?
Showed either acoustically similar or dissimilar sequences
What is capacity
The amount of information that can be stored in our memory
Baddeley did a similar study in 1966 on encoding which ……. Conrads study
Supported
How big is capacity of long term memory?
Most psychologists agree their no limit so it’s unlimited
LTM for capacity was shown by Clive Wearing because
He could still remember some things from LTM but not others
What’s the duration of LTM
A life time
Who studied duration of LTM
Bahrick et al. (1975)
What did Bahrick et Al.(1975) do for their study for LTM duration
They gathered graduates from an American high school over 50 year period.
They were split up into two groups:
1. Recognition group-match up names with photos
2. Recall group- asked to recall names without list
How do we Encode LTM
Mainly semantic
Which type of memory did Baddeley (1966) study affect
Both STM and LTM
