Memory: Explanations for forgetting Flashcards
1
Q
What are the two explanations for forgetting
A
Interference theory
Retrieval failure
2
Q
Outline Interference theory
A
- Proactive interference
- Retroactive interference
- Effects of similarity
3
Q
Define Proactive interference
A
When old info interferes with new info
4
Q
Define Retroactive interference
A
When new info interferes with old info
5
Q
Outline research into effects of similarity
A
- McGeoch and McDonald
Gave pps list of 10 words to learn to 100% accuracy
Then split into 6 groups and each group given new list
1. Synonym
2. Antonyms
3. Unrelared
4. Nonsense syllables
5. 3-digit numbers
6. No new list
Findings: - When tested on first list, accuracy depended on nature of second list
- Most similar material produced worst recall
6
Q
Evaluate interference theory as an explanation for forgetting
A
+ Evidence was high controlled lab study
- Artificial material
+ Support from Baddeley (football)
- Time between learning not realistic
7
Q
Outline Retrieval Failure
A
- Encoding Specificity principle (cue)
- Context-dependent forgetting
- State-dependent forgetting
8
Q
Evaluate Retrieval failure as an explanation for forgetting
A
+ Supporting evidence increases validity
+ Real life application for eyewitness testimony
- In real life context isn’t that different
- Can’t check for cues
