Memory - Book Flashcards
What is the misinformation effect?
People exposed to misinformation were more likely to report back / integrate the misinformation than those that were not
What are source monitoring errors?
When we can’t recall where the memory comes from, for example social media or the news
What kinds of things increase the likelihood of false memories?
Imagining nonexistent actions or events
Gist-based memories - remembering the general global event vs. specific details
Asking a question vs. a statement
What are the different types of levels of processing for memory? Which will produce the best recall?
Shallow and deep, deep produces better recall
How is elaboration important?
Deep encoding requires you make associations between new and old information already represented in your brain
What is anterograde amnesia?
Cannot form new memories or transfer short term into long term
What is retrograde amnesia?
Cannot remember past memories before brain damage, but can place new memories into long term memory
What is the role of the amygdala in memory?
Creates emotional memories; enhance episodic memories by talking to other parts of brain; builds memories after your brain and body have moved on to other things
What is a flashbulb memory?
Extremely vivid memories of emotionally significant events, as if the moment was caught in time like a photograph
What is the difference between recall, recognition, and relearning as measures of memory?
Recall: Info is accessed without any cues to aid retrieval, essay question
Recognition: Relies on information have previously seen or experienced, multi choice
Relearning:
What is encoding specificity?
The effect of encoding context on memory retrieval / tied to circumstances of how the memory was formed
What is context-dependent learning?
Divers who learn words under water are more likely to remember words under water than on land
What is State-dependent learning?
Increased likelihood of remembering when the person is in the same mental state in encoding and retrieval
In forgetting, what is the difference between decay and interference?
Decay: If a person doesn’t access and use a memory, the memory trace will weaken or decay over time and will be less available for later retrieval
Inference: Forgetting in long term memory is related not to the passage of time but to interference created by integrating new and old information in the brain as time passes
What is retroactive interference?
Disruptive effect of new learning on the recall of old information
