Memory Flashcards

1
Q

The Multi Store Model was created by

A

Atkinson and Schiffrin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Sensory Register

A

A stimulus from the environment will pass into the sensory registers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The main two stores in the sensory register are

A

Iconic and Echoic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Duration of sensory register

A

Less than half a second

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Capacity of sensory register

A

Very high

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

To pass from sensory register to STM

A

Attention must be paid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Capacity of STM (MSM)

A

5-9 items (7 plus or minus 2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Duration of STM (MSM)

A

30 seconds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

STM (MSM) coding

A

Acoustic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

To pass from STM to LTM

A

Rehearsal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Types of rehearsal

A

Maintenance

Elaborative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Capacity of LTM (MSM)

A

Unlimited

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Duration of LTM (MSM)

A

Life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

LTM (MSM) coding

A

Semantic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

To be recalled

A

Has to be transferred back to STM from LTM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Transferred to STM from LTM

17
Q

Came up with the types of LTM

18
Q

The three types of LTM

A

Episodic
Semantic
Procedural

19
Q

Episodic memory

A

Our ability to recall events from our lives

Time-stamped

20
Q

Semantic memory

A

Our knowledge of the world

Not time-stamped

21
Q

Procedural memory

A

Our memory for actions and skills

Can recall without conscious awareness or a lot of effort

22
Q

Working memory model describes

A

Short term memory

23
Q

Parts of WMM

A

Central executive
Phonological loop
Visuo-spatial sketchpad
Episodic buffer

24
Q

Central executive

A

Monitors incoming data, makes decisions, and allocates slave systems to tasks
Limited processing capacity

25
Phonological loop
Deals with auditory information and preserves the order in which information arrives Phonological store stores the words you hear Articulatory process allows maintenance rehearsal, capacity is about 2 seconds of what you could say
26
Visuo-spatial sketchpad
Stores visual and spatial information Limited capacity, about 3 or 4 objects according to Baddeley Visual cache stores visual data Inner scribe records the arrangement of objects in the visual field
27
Episodic buffer
``` Temporary store for information Integrates the visual, spatial and verbal information processed by the other stores Maintains a sense of time sequencing Storage component of the CE Limited capacity of about 4 chunks Links working memory to LTM ```
28
Types of interference
Proactive | Retroactive
29
Proactive interference
Occurs when an older memory interferes with a newer one
30
Retroactive interference
Occurs when a newer memory interferes with an older one
31
Interference occurs in
LTM
32
The encoding specificity principle was discovered by
Tulving
33
ESP
If a cue is to help us recall information it has to be present at encoding and at retrieval. If the cues available at encoding and retrieval are different there will be some forgetting
34
Types of cues
External cues- context dependent forgetting | Internal cues- state dependent cues
35
Cognitive interview was invented by
Fisher and Geiselman
36
Cognitive interview
1. Report everything 2. Reinstate the context 3. Reverse the order 4. Change the perspective
37
Schema
What is expected in a scenario
38
Enhanced cognitive interview
Focuses on the social dynamics: - When to establish eye contact and when not to - Reducing eyewitness anxiety - Minimising distractions - Getting the witness to speak slowly - Asking open ended questions