Approaches Studies

Question 1

Pavlov aim

Answer 1

Show classical conditioning- learning through association

Question 2

Pavlov procedure and findings

Answer 2

Conditioned dogs to salivate when he rang a bell
UCS= food, UCR= salivation, NS= bell
Before conditioning: UCS = UCR, NS= NR
During conditioning: Bell and food occur at the same time
After conditioning: CS= CR (CS= bell, CR= salivation)

Question 3

Pavlov conculsion

Answer 3

Pavlov showed how a neutral stimulus can come to elicit a new learned response through association

Question 4

Skinner aim

Answer 4

Show operant conditioning-behaviour is shaped and maintained by its consequences

Question 5

Skinner procedure and findings

Answer 5

Rats and pigeons in specially designed cages
When a rat activated a lever, or a pigeon pecked a disc, it was rewarded with a food pellet
A desirable consequence being repeated
If pressing a lever meant an animal avoided and electric shock the behaviour would also be repeated