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psychology > Memory > Flashcards

Memory Flashcards

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1
Q

Coding stm

A

Baddley acoustically similar words
Acoustic

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2
Q

Coding ltm

A

Baddley semantically similar words tested after 20 mins
55% semantically similar
85% semantically dissimilar

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3
Q

Capacity SR

A

3/4 all stimuli

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4
Q

Capacity STM

A

Jacobs- digit span test researcher had sequence 4 digits and ppts had to repeat sequence in correct order then additional digit added
Digits 9.3
Letters 7.3

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5
Q

Capacity STM

A

Miller magic number plus or minus 2 everyday items come in 7s
Can be increased by chunking splitting info into larger meaningful units

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6
Q

Capacity LTM

A

Wagnaar conducted research on himself created diary of 2400 events over 6 years and tested himself on recall of them- excellent recall
Unlimited

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7
Q

Duration SR

A

500 milliseconds

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8
Q

Duration STM

A

Peterson and peterson
Trigrams
Asked ppts to remember three letters but then gave them interference task
Tested recall after 3,9,12,15,18 secs
Approx 18-30 secs

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9
Q

Duration ltm

A

Bahrick
Tested 392 graduates On face and name recognition of people in class
After 15 years 90% with photo recognition
After 48years 70% with photo recognition
15 years no photo 60%
48 years 30%
Can last a lifetime

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10
Q

Who came up with msm

A

Attkinson and shiffrin 1971

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11
Q

Case study support msm

A

Hm had good ltm before accident but couldn’t create new memories because couldn’t transfer between stores

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12
Q

Support msm

A

Primary recency effect glanzer and cunitz
Shown list words and asked to recall in any order remember first last best

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13
Q

Supporting evidence different types ltm

A

HM and clive wearing episodic both very damaged but procedural functional eg clive wearing could still play piano

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14
Q

Biological support types ltm

A

Neuroimaging by tulving pet scans during memory tasks
Episodic and semantic from prefrontal cortex
Left semantic
Right episodic

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15
Q

Practical application types ltm

A

Belleville et al demonstrated episodic could be improved in older people who had mild cognitive impairment performed better in episodic memory test

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16
Q

Against types ltm

A

Cohen and squire argue semantic and episodic should be in one store called declarative and procedural non declarative

17
Q

Who proposed wmm

A

Baddley hitch 1974

18
Q

Parts phonological loop

A

Phonological store- inner ear processes things hear
Articulatory process(inner voice) allows maintenance rehearsal

19
Q

Parts visuospatial sketchpad

A

Visual cache-stores visual data
Inner scribe- records visual arrangement objects in visual field

20
Q

Support wmm

A

Dual task experiments by baddley track spot of light whilst tracing F

21
Q

Clinical support wmm

A

KF had poor ability verbal info after brain damage but could process visual info

22
Q

Support effect anxiety

A

Johnson and scott low anxiety 49%
High anxiety 33%

23
Q

Not anxiety

A

Christianson and hubinette
Questioned 110 witnesses various bank robberies
People who directly threatened more
accurate recall events

24
Q

Anxiety graph

A

Yerkes dodson law
Optimum level anxiety

25
Q

Misleading information
Leading questions

A

Loftus and palmer
Highest guess 40.8 mph

26
Q

Misleading info post event discussion

A

Gabbert et al
71% falsely recalled things

27
Q

Support cognitive interview

A

Kohnken did meta analysis of 55 studies found significant increase accurate information recalled

28
Q

Supporting lab evidence interference theory

A

Mcgeoch mcdonald ppts had to learn a list of 10 words until 100% accuracy then learn a new list eg synonyms.
Worst recall

29
Q

Correlation retroactive inference

A

Schmidt et al 2000 supported interference explanation of forgetting
211 old students from a dutch school and had to remember as many street name details as possible and correlation between times moved house and number roads remembered

30
Q

Context dependent forgetting

A

Godden and baddley divers

31
Q

Cognitive interview

A

Geiselman 89 students shown videos of violent crimes interviewed 48 hours later using either standard or cognitive
41.5 details remembered correctly vs 29.5

32
Q

Peterson and peterson after 18 secs

A

10% accurate recall

psychology (9 decks)

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