memory Flashcards
Define coding
The format in which information is stored in various memory stores
What were the four groups of words Alan Baddeley investigated
1.Accoustically similar
2.Accoustically dissimilar
3.Semantically similar
4.Semantically dissimilar
What were the findings of Baddeleys research?
Information is coded accoustically in the STM and semantically in the LTM
Define capacity
The amount of information that can be held in a memory store
What researcher measured digit span in relation to capacity
Joseph Jacobs
How did Joseph Jacobs measure digit span
He read out for example 4 digits and asked the ppt to recall them.
He did this with increasing numbers of digits until the ppt could no longer recall all the digits correctly
What did George Miller do?
Made observations of everyday practice
e.g he noted things that came in sevens ( musical notes,days of the week, deadly sins)
What did George Miller find
Miller thought the capacity (span) of the STM was 7 items plus or minus 2
But he also noted that people can recall 5 words as easily as they can 5 letters
We do this by chunking sets of letters or digits into units or chunks
Define duration
The length of time information can be held in memory
Who proposed the idea of the MSM model
Shiffrin and Atkinson
Evaluate research on coding ( Baddeley)
Strength-identifies clear difference between STM and LTM
limitation-Artificial stimuli- Limited real world application
Evaluate the different types of LTM
-Clinical evidence
-Counterpoint( Lack of control over variables)
-Conflicting neuroimaging evidence
-Real world application
Evaluate MSM model
-support from other research( baddeley-coding)
-STM oversimplified ( patient KF)
-Other ways of transferring info from stm to ltm
Evaluate WMM
-clinical evidence ( KF)
counterpoint( control variables)
-dual task
-lack of clarity over CE
Describe central executive
-monitors inconing data and allocates to subsystems
