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Living Cell > Membrane structure + function II > Flashcards

Membrane structure + function II Flashcards

1
Q

What is major function of plasma membrane?

A

Barrier, transport, signal transduction

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2
Q

What is major function of inner mitochondrial membrane?

A

Energy transduction

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3
Q

What is major function of outer mitochondrial membrane?

A

Barrier

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4
Q

What is major function of RER?

A

Translation protein processing

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5
Q

What is major function of SER?

A

Synthesis of complex lipids

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6
Q

What is major function of Golgi?

A

Post-translational modification + processing for secretion

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7
Q

What is major function of nuclear membrane?

A

Attachment of chromatin

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8
Q

What is major function of lysosomes?

A

Hydrolytic enzymes

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9
Q

What is major function of peroxisomes?

A

Fatty acid oxidation

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10
Q

What are two groups of passive membrane transport?

A

Non mediated

Carrier mediated

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11
Q

What is non-mediated transport?

A

Passive diffusion
Diffusion through pore
Driven by conc gradient

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12
Q

What is carrier mediated transport?

A

Aided by carrier

Uniporter=carry one molecule

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13
Q

What is active membrane transport?

A

Carrier mediated

Transport molecules against conc gradient

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14
Q

What are 2 transporters called?

A

Antiporter

Symporter

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15
Q

What is definition of Kt?

A

Measure of affinity of transporter for its substrate

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16
Q

Lower Kt, the ……. the affinity of transporter for its substrate

A

Greater

17
Q

Describe the structure of glucose transporter ?

A

12 transmembrane domains

Large molecule

18
Q

What is glucose transport an example of?

A

Carrier mediated facilitated diffusion process

19
Q

Describe the kinetics of glucose transport?

A

Similar to enzyme kinetics
Specific for molecules they transport i.e. D glucose not L glucose
Exhibit saturation type kinetics

20
Q

What does active transport require?

A

Requires integral membrane proteins

Selective

21
Q

What is meant by antiport system?

A

Transports one molecule in one direction and one molecule in other direction

22
Q

What is foxglove?

A

Foxglove is a plant which has chemicals within leaves that has been used therapeutically for long time

23
Q

What is congested heart disease?

A

Is heart condition that prevents heart from beating properly

24
Q

How does foxglove help with congested heart disease?

A

Foxglove contains an active ingredient called digitalis which is cardiotonic steroid which inhibits Na+/K+ pump
Inhibition of this pump means that intracellular sodium conc increases and it will stimulate 2nd transporter called sodium calcium exchanger
This 2nd transporter pumps sodium out and calcium in

25
Q

What are 2 glucose transporters found in gut?

A

SGULT 1 and 2

26
Q

What is cellular asymmetry?

A

Cells have some polarity
Different glucose transporter have been differential expressed => expressed in different parts of cells
In order to maintain cellular asymmetry, there are junctions that prevent movement of membrane associated proteins

27
Q

What is rehydration therapy?

A

Replaces water lost
Treats symptoms of diarrhoea
Targets co transport of glucose + sodium

28
Q

What disease is associated with chloride channel?

A

Cystic fibrosis

29
Q

What is compartmentalisation?

A

Separates reactions
Enables local environment to be regulated for instance pH
Bring together components of enzyme activity
Bring reactants together
Separates pathways

30
Q

What is disease of misdirection?

A

I cell disease

31
Q

What is I cell disease?

A

Lack ability to add mannose 6 phosphate

Product taken by lysosome accumulates so cells therefore will fail to function.

Living Cell (36 decks)

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