Energy 1

Question 1

What is catabolism?

Answer 1

Breakdown of complex molecules to release energy or carry out mechanical work

Question 2

What is anabolism?

Answer 2

Synthesis of new molecules from less complex components

Question 3

Reaction of fructose 6 phosphate to fructose 1,6 biphosphate is regulated by enzyme …..

Answer 3

Phosphofructokinase (PFK)

Question 4

Reaction of phosphoenol pyruvate to pyruvate is regulated by…..

Answer 4

Pyruvate kinase

Question 5

Glucose is phosphorylated to form…..

Answer 5

Glucose 6 phosphate

Question 6

What are products of glycolysis?

Answer 6

2 pyruvate
2 NADH
2 ATP

Question 7

The activity of enzyme can be regulated by

Answer 7

Covalent modification

Transcription (long regulation)

Question 8

AMP is ……….

Answer 8

Good indicator of energy status

Signal for low energy status + active if sufficient ADP is available to make ATP

Question 9

Liver contains the enzyme…..

Answer 9

Glucokinase

Question 10

Glucokinase ……… affinity so ……..km

Answer 10

Decreases

Increases

Question 11

Hexokinase …… affinity therefore …… Km

Answer 11

Increases

Decreases

Question 12

ADP + ADP -> ATP + AMP

reaction involves the enzyme …..

Answer 12

Adenylate kinase

Question 13

Describe the regulation of glycolysis in liver?.

Answer 13

Regulation is more complex
High conc of ATP inhibit PFK
PFK is inhibited by citrate
PFK is stimulated indirectly by build up of F6P
Hexokinase is inhibited by G6P but liver has glucokinase which is not inhibited by G6P

Question 14

Tumours + exercising muscles have what in common

Answer 14

Their needs are met through anaerobic respiration

Lactate is generated

Question 15

Why do tumours use glycolysis?

Answer 15

When tumours outgrow their blood supply oxygen delivery is reduced, tumour cell metabolism reverts to glycolysis
Tumours regulated by low oxygen=> reduction of oxygen leads to activation of transcription of TF HIF-1a=> regulates expression of number of enzymes in glycolytic pathway