meiosis, cell cycle and asexual reproduction part 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

explain G1 in interphase

A

the cell increases in size and synthesis new organelles

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2
Q

explain G2 in interphase

A

the cell continues to grow and it produces proteins needed for cell division

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3
Q

explain S in interphase

A

the cell’s DNA is replicated and is ready for cell division

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4
Q

a cycle of growth, developement, and division, that most cells in an organism go through

A

cell cycle

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5
Q

four reasons why the cell cycle is important

A

growth, tissue repair, asexual reproduction, the formation of gametes

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6
Q

what moves the chromatids during mitosis

A

spindle fibers

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7
Q

where are the chromatids produced

A

centrioles

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8
Q

If a dog has seventy-eight chromosomes, how many chromosomes will be in each daughter cell after mitosis

A

seventy-eight chromosomes

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9
Q

list in order the phases of mitosis

A

prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase,

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10
Q

genetic material inside the nucleus condense and the chromosomes become visible

A

prophase

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11
Q

chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell

A

metaphase

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12
Q

chromosomes separate and move to opposite ends of the cell

A

anaphase

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13
Q

chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell and two nuclei are formed

A

telophase

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14
Q

how many daughter cells are created from mitosis

A

two daughter cells

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15
Q

what is the DNA comparison between the parent cell and the two daughter cells created during mitosis

A

the DNA will be the same in the parent cell and in the daughter cell

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16
Q

what are the three parts of the cell cycle

A

cytokinesis, interphase, mitosis,

17
Q

division of the cytoplasm

A

cytokinesis

18
Q

The cell grows, performs its normal functions, and prepares for division

A

interphase

19
Q

the process in which the nucleus and its contents divide

A

mitosis

20
Q

the nuclear membrane dissolves in what phase?

A

prophase

21
Q

what phase does the nuclear membrane reappear

A

telophase

22
Q

what structure holds the sister chromatids together

A

centromere

23
Q

what phase of the cell cycle do the chromosomes replicate

A

S-phase

24
Q

what divides in mitosis

A

the nucleus and the chromosomes

25
Q

what divides in cytokinesis

A

the cytoplasm and the cell membrane

26
Q

what are the seven different types of asexual reproduction

A

binary fission, budding, cloning, vegetative reproduction, regeneration, spore formation, and parthenogenesis

27
Q

list the qualities of sexual reproduction

A

involves two parents, offspring is a genetic mix of both parents, involves specialized sex cells, it’s slow.

28
Q

what type of asexual reproduction do bacteria use to reproduce

A

binary fission

29
Q

what are two advantages to asexual reproduction

A

can reproduce offspring quickly and doesn’t require special cells or a lot of energy

30
Q

a type of reproduction in which one parent organism produces offspring without meiosis and fertilization

A

asexual reproduction

31
Q

explain why cloning might be beneficial to save endangered animals

A

It can prevent endangered animals from going extinct and can help increase the population of an endangered species

32
Q

list the qualities of budding

A

parent produces a bud, bud gets detached and develops into offspring

33
Q

list the qualities of cloning

A

it’s performed in a lab and is used to make copies of organisms or cells with desirable traits

34
Q

what organisms use regeneration

A

sea urchins, sea stars, and planarians

35
Q

Honeybees and some sharks can sometimes produce offspring with unfertilized eggs what is the name of this type of reproduction

A

parthenogenesis

36
Q

when organisms produce offspring with unfertilized eggs what type of reproduction is this

A

parthenogenesis