exam review genetics

Question 1

a section on a chromosome that has genetic info for one trait

Answer 1

gene

Question 2

the different form of a gene

Answer 2

allele

Question 3

the alleles for all the gene on a organism’s

Answer 3

genotype

Question 4

how a trait physically appears or expressed

Answer 4

phenotype

Question 5

a genotype in which the two alleles of a gene are different

Answer 5

zygous

Question 6

a genotype in which the two alleles of a gene are the same

Answer 6

homozygous

Question 7

an inheritance pattern in which both alleles can be observed in a phenotype

Answer 7

codominance

Question 8

occurs when there are more than two different alleles of a gene for a particular trait

Answer 8

multiple allele inheritance

Question 9

an inheritance pattern in which multiple genes the phenotype of a trait

Answer 9

polygenic inheritance

Question 10

a diagram that shows the occurrence of a genetic trait in several generations of a family

Answer 10

pedigree

Question 11

who is the father of genetics

Answer 11

Gregor Mendel

Question 12

what plants did the father of genetics study

Answer 12

pea plants

Question 13

what determines the phenotype of an organism

Answer 13

the genotype

Question 14

describe a punnett square

Answer 14

used to predict the possible genetic outcomes of a cross between the two organisms and helps visualize how alleles from each parent might combine in their offspring

Question 15

what are the chances that a man heterozygous for freckles and a woman without freckles would have a child without freckles

Answer 15

50%

Question 16

difference between phenotype and genotype

Answer 16

genotype: the gene order of an organism. phenotype: the physical appearance of an organism

Question 17

what does the square mean in pedigree

Answer 17

male

Question 18

what does the circle mean in pedigree

Answer 18

female

Question 19

what does the half shaded circle or square mean in pedigree

Answer 19

A person is a carrier of a trait

Question 20

what does the fully shaded circle or square mean in pedigree

Answer 20

person has a certain trait

Question 21

when there are more than two different types of a gene for a particular trait

Answer 21

multiple allele inheritance

Question 22

give an trait example for multiple allele inheritance

Answer 22

human blood type

Question 23

an inheritance pattern in which multiple genes determine the phenotype of a trait

Answer 23

polygenic inheritance

Question 24

give an trait example for polygenic inheritance

Answer 24

eye and skin color, also height

Question 25

list the guidelines for a dominant pedigree

Answer 25

affect individuals have at least one affected parent, the trait generally appears in every generation, two unaffected parents only have unaffected offspring

Question 26

list the guidelines for a recessive pedigree

Answer 26

unaffected parents can have affected offspring, trait isn’t seen in every generation, there are unaffected, heterozygous individuals present in pedigree

Question 27

a blue parrot (BB) is crossed with a red parrot(bb)
what is the phenotype and genotype

Answer 27

phenotype: 100% blue
genotype: 100% Bb

Question 28

a heterozygous brown-eyed dog is crossed with a blue eyed dog. list the phenotype and genotype

Answer 28

phenotype: 50% brown 50% blue
genotype: 50%Bb 50%bb

Question 29

a heterozygous green frog is crossed with a purebred green frog. list the phenotype and genotype

Answer 29

phenotype:100% green
genotype: 50%Bb 50% BB

Question 30

two heterozygous red apples(green is recessive) are crossed. list the phenotype and genotype

Answer 30

genotype: 25% RR 50%Rr 25% rr
phenotype: 75% red 25% green