Meiosis and Chromosome Morphology

Question 1

Produces gametes or spores characterized by only one haploid set of chromosomes

Answer 1

Meiosis

Question 2

The gametes produced by Meiosis must contain _____

Answer 2

One member of each homologous pair of chromosome

Question 3

Stages in Meiosis I

Answer 3

Prophase I
Metaphase I
Anaphase I
Telophase I

Question 4

Stages in Meiosis II

Answer 4

Prophase II
Metaphase II
Anaphase II
Telophase II

Question 5

The first meiotic division is also called _____

Answer 5

Reductional Division

Question 6

Prophase I is subdivided into 5 stages which are:

Answer 6

Leptotene
Zygotene
Pachytene
Diplotene
Diakinesis

Question 7

“Thin thread”

Answer 7

Leptotene

Question 8

The chromosomes first become
visible as long, thread-like structures. Numerous dense granules appear at irregular intervals along their length.

Answer 8

Leptotene

Question 9

“Paired Thread”

Answer 9

Zygotene

Question 10

Marked by lateral pairing (synapsis) of homologous chromosomes, beginning at the chromosome tips. It results in a precise chromomere-by-chromomere association.

Answer 10

Zygotene

Question 11

Synapsis is accompanied by the synthesis of _____

Answer 11

Synaptonemal Complex

Question 12

A protein structure that helps to hold the homologous chromosomes together

Answer 12

Synaptonemal

Question 13

Each pair of synapsed homologous chromosomes is referred to as _____

Answer 13

Bivalent

Question 14

“Thick thread”

Answer 14

Pachytene

Question 15

Condensation of chromosome
continues. During this period, the chromosomes shorten and
thicken.

Answer 15

Pachytene

Question 16

Genetic exchange or crossing overs takes place on this stage.

Answer 16

Pachytene

Question 17

“Double thread”

Answer 17

Diplotene

Question 18

The synaptonemal complex breaks down and the synapsed chromosomes begin to separate.

Answer 18

Diplotene

Question 19

Formed by a breakage and rejoining between non-sister chromatids

Answer 19

Chiasma

Question 20

A term for cross-connection

Answer 20

Chiasma

Question 21

“Moving apart”

Answer 21

Diakenesis

Question 22

The homologous chromosomes seem to repel each other, and the segments
not connected by chiasmata move apart.

Answer 22

Diakinesis

Question 23

It is at this substage that the chromosomes attain their maximum condensation.

Answer 23

Diakinesis

Question 24

Near the end of Diakinesis, the formation of a _____ is initiated, and the _____ breaks down.

Answer 24

Spindle
Nuclear envelope

Question 25

The phase where the bivalents become positioned with the centromeres of the two homologous chromosomes on opposite sides

Answer 25

Metaphase I

Question 26

The homologous chromosomes separate from one another and move to opposite poles of the spindle.

Answer 26

Anaphase I

Question 27

A haploid set of chromosomes consisting of one homolog from each bivalent is located near each pole of the spindle.

Answer 27

Telophase I

Question 28

The second meiotic division is also called _____

Answer 28

Equational Division

Question 29

The centromeres divide longitudinally and the chromatids of each chromosome move to opposite poles of the spindle.

Answer 29

Anaphase II

Question 30

Once the centromere has split at anaphase II, each chromatid is considered a _____

Answer 30

Separate Chromosome

Question 31

Transition to the interphase condition of the chromosomes in the four haploid nuclei, accompanied by the division of the cytoplasm.

Answer 31

Telophase II

Question 32

Identify if Mitosis or Meiosis: One division

Answer 32

Mitosis

Question 33

Identify if Mitosis or Meiosis: Two divisions

Answer 33

Meiosis

Question 34

Identify if Mitosis or Meiosis: Two daughter cells per cycle

Answer 34

Mitosis

Question 35

Identify if Mitosis or Meiosis: Four daughter cells per cycle

Answer 35

Meiosis

Question 36

Identify if Mitosis or Meiosis: Chromosome number of daughter cells as that of parent cell (2n)

Answer 36

Mitosis

Question 37

Identify if Mitosis or Meiosis: Chromosome number of daughter cells half of that of parent cell (1n)

Answer 37

Meiosis

Question 38

Identify if Mitosis or Meiosis: Occurs in somatic cells

Answer 38

Mitosis

Question 39

Identify if Mitosis or Meiosis: Occurs in germline cells

Answer 39

Meiosis

Question 40

Identify if Mitosis or Meiosis: Occurs throughout life cycle

Answer 40

Mitosis

Question 41

Identify if Mitosis or Meiosis: In humans, completes after sexual maturity

Answer 41

Meiosis

Question 42

Identify if Mitosis or Meiosis: Used for growth, repair, and asexual reproduction

Answer 42

Mitosis

Question 43

Identify if Mitosis or Meiosis: Used for sexual reproduction, producing new gene combination

Answer 43

Meiosis

Question 44

A process that takes place in the testes

Answer 44

Spermatogenesis

Question 45

A process that occurs in the ovaries

Answer 45

Oogenesis

Question 46

The daughter cell with very little surrounding cytoplasm is called _____

Answer 46

Polar body

Question 47

The other daughter cell produced by the first meiotic division and contain most of the cytoplasm is called the _____

Answer 47

Secondary oocyte