meiosis Flashcards
where does meiosis take place?
gonads (sex cells)
why is meiosis called reduction division
it reduces the # of chromosomes
diploid –> haploid
end product of meiosis
4 daughter cells with 23 chromosomes each, haploid
what is crossing over
paired chromosomes exchange parts of DNA, creating genetic variety.
what is synapsis
homologous chromosomes pair up and align closely during meiosis
what is independent assortment
random assortment during egg fertilization
what is gametogenesis
process of making sperm or egg cells through meiosis.
spermatogenesis
sperm production in male
oogenesis
egg production in female
what is a karyotype
complete set of chromosomes in an organism, arranged by size and shape. It helps identify abnormalities.
nondisjunction
chromosomes fail to separate correctly during cell division, causing extra or missing chromosomes in the cells.
Aneuploidy
condition of having an abnormal number of chromosomes in a cell, often due to nondisjunction.
binary fission
cell division, one cell splits into two identical daughter cells, usually used by bacteria and some single-celled organisms to reproduce.
parthogenesis
sexual reproduction where an egg develops into an organism without fertilization by sperm.
parthogenesis
Komodo dragon, where females can produce offspring without mating.
