meiosis

Question 1

what are haploid cells and example

Answer 1

cells that contain half the number of chromosomes than other body cells , sperm cells

Question 2

what are diploid cells

Answer 2

normal body cells which contain two sets of each chromosome

Question 3

how many chromosomes do diploid cells have

Answer 3

46 chromosomes

Question 4

how many cells do haploid cells have

Answer 4

23 chromosomes

Question 5

what happens during fertilisation

Answer 5

the two haploid gamete cells join together and form a diploid cell called a zygote. the zygote then divides many times by the process of mitosis and produces an organism.

Question 6

what is the entire genetic material of an organism known as

Answer 6

genome

Question 7

how are gametes made

Answer 7

gametes are made through a process called meiosis

Question 8

summarise meiosis

Answer 8

results in 4 haploid cells being produced from one diploid parent cell

Question 9

where does meiosis occur in humans

Answer 9

ovaries to produce egg cells, testes to produce sperm cells

Question 10

what are the first main stages of meiosis

Answer 10

• the chromosomes are copied
• the chromosomes line up in the centre in pairs (one from mum, other dad)
• the chromosomes then split to opposite ends of the cell (normally the sections of DNA are swapped)
• the cell divided in two
• spilts into two different cells

Question 11

what is the second main stage of meiosis

Answer 11

• the chromosomes line up in the centre of the two new cells
• this time they are split in half making 4 separate cells

Question 12

what creates genetic variation in meiosis

Answer 12

in meiosis, cells are created that are genetically different from each other and from parent cell