Meh metabolism Flashcards
Vit C (ascorbic acid) deficiency leads to
scurvy
Vitamin B1 (thiamin) deficiency leads to
beriberi
Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) deficiency leads to
ariboflavinosis
Vitamin B3 (niacin) deficiency leads to
pellagra
Vitamin B6 deficiency leads to
dermatitis, anaemia
Vitamin B12 deficiency leads to
anaemia
Maltose is made up of
glucose glucose
Sucrose is made up of
glucose fructose
Desirable BMI
18.5-24.9
How much fluids is needed
1mmol/kg/day
Which amino acids are conditionally essential during periods of high protein synthesis
arginine, tyrosine and cysteine
What is selenium
Trace element needed as cofactor for glutathione peroxidase to protect against oxidative stress
What is used in the first seconds of vigorous exercise
phosphocreatine
NADH supplies
ETC (DNP = uncoupler), high energy signal
What converts glucose to G6P
hexokinase
Glycolysis occurs in
cytosol
What converts DHAP to glycerol phosphate
glycerol 3-P dehydrogenase in adipose and liver
RBCs use
LDH reaction
Pyruvate is converted to acetyl CoA by
PDH
Krebs cycle produces
NADH and FADH2
Kinase =
phosphorylators
After phosphorylation, glycerol can
enter glycolysis
Why do lipids have higher energy content
more reduced
which vitamins are free radical scavengers
C and E
What is galactosaemia
GALT deficiency
What is glutathione
anti oxidant against NAPQI
What converts H2O2 to water and oxygen
SOD and catalase
NAD + goes to what in alcohol metabolism
NADH
source of free radicals
nitric oxide synthase
Alanine is utilised for
transport of ammonia to liver
Creatinine is used to monitor
muscle mass and renal function
Tyrosine is a precursor for
catecholamines
Vit B6 is given for
homocystinuria
PKU is
phenylalanine hydroxylase deficiency
Fatty acid synthesis occurs
in cytoplasm
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase produces
malonyl CoA from Acetyl CoA
Hormone sensitive lipase breaks down
triacylglycerol into fatty acids and glycerol
Insuline stimulates
fatty acid synthesis via dephosphorylation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase
Muscles lack
glucose-6-phosphatase
What is the rate limiting enzyme in glycogen synthesis
Glycogen synthase
ApoA-1 deficiency inhibits
Nascent HDL synthesis
FA are converted to
acetyl CoA by beta oxidation, then Krebs cycle
Ideal cholesterol
Less than 5mmol/L
ABCA1 facilitates
XS cholesterol transfer to HDL
What has highest cholesterol content
LDL
Cholesterol is converted to
cholesterol ester by LCAT
Type 1 deficiency =
lipoprotein lipase defective
Type 2A deficiency
LDL receptor
Type 3 deficiency
ApOE
