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Clinical prep > meds; regional medications > Flashcards

meds; regional medications Flashcards

1
Q

xfLidocaine with epi max dose

A

7 mg/kg

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2
Q

lidocaine plain dose

A

5mg/kg

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3
Q

lidocaine brand name

A

xylocaine

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4
Q

lidocaine onset

A

rapid

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5
Q

lidocaine duration

A

1-2 hrs

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6
Q

local anesthetics MOA

A

binds to inactive gate/ H gate on voltage gated NA+ channels in the nerve membranes

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7
Q

lidocaine metabolism

A

oxidative dealkylation in liver then hydrolysis

active metabolite

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8
Q

what characteristic of a drug determines the potency , onset and duration

A

lipid solubility = potency

onset = pKa. inc PKA = slower onset

duration = protein binding. increased binding = inc duration

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9
Q

Are LAs bases or acids

A

bases

base= pka before pH
nicely negative numbers are non ionized. non ionized = x cell wall

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10
Q

structural difference between esters and amides

A

between the lipophilic and hydrocarbon chain

amides = lipophilic carbonyl chain has nitrogen attached

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11
Q

lidocaine pk

A

7.9

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12
Q

lidocaine protein binding

A

70%

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13
Q

lidocaine lipid solubility

A

2.9

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14
Q

Prilocaine plain max dose

A

6mg/kg

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15
Q

prilocaine w/ epi max dose

A

8.5 mg/kg

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16
Q

prilocaine trade name

A

citinest

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17
Q

prilocaine pk

A

7.9

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18
Q

prilocaine protein binding

A

55%

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19
Q

prilocaine lipid solubility

A

0.9

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20
Q

Prilocaine side effects

A

convert hb -> methemoglobin -> methemoglobinemia > 600 mg
Tx= methylene blue

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21
Q

Mepivacaine plain max dose

A

5 mg/kg

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22
Q

Mepivacaine w/ epi max dose

A

7mg/kg

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23
Q

Mepivacaine pka

A

7.6

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24
Q

mepivacaine protein binding

A

77%

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25
Q

mepivacaine lipid solubility

A

1

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26
Q

Mepivacaine duration of action

A

1.5- 3hrs

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27
Q

Bupivacaine plain max dose

A

2.5 mg/kg

28
Q

Bupivacaine w/ epi max dose

A

2.5 mg/kg

29
Q

Bupivacaine pk

A

8.1

30
Q

Bupivacaine lipid solubility

A

28

31
Q

Bupivacaine protein binding

A

95% to alpha 1 acid glycoprotein

32
Q

Bupivacaine trade name

A

Marcaine

33
Q

Bupivacaine Side effects

A

cardiac toxicity

34
Q

Bupivacaine duration of action

A

4-8 hrs

35
Q

Ropivacaine plain max dose

A

3mg/kg

36
Q

Ropivacaine max dose w/ epi

A

4 mg/kg

37
Q

Ropivacaine brand name

A

Naropin

38
Q

Ropivacaine pk

A

8.1

39
Q

Ropivacaine protein binding

A

94% to alpha 1 acid glycoprotein

40
Q

Ropivacaine duration of action

A

4-8 hrs

41
Q

ropivacaine metabolism

A

CYP 450
metabolites accumulate in Uremic pts
Decrease systemic toxicity

42
Q

Procaine max dose plain

A

7mg/kg

43
Q

procaine max dose w/ epi

A

8.5 mg/kg

44
Q

Chloroprocaine max dose plain

A

6mg/kg

45
Q

Procaine pk

A

8.9 = slow onset

46
Q

Chloroprocaine max dose w/ epi

A

14 mg/kg

47
Q

procaine protein binding

A

6

48
Q

procaine lipid solubility

A

0.6

49
Q

chloroprocaine brand name

A

nesacaine

50
Q

procaine brand name

A

novacaine

51
Q

Chloroprocaine pk

A

8.7

52
Q

Procaine duration of action

A

45-60 min

53
Q

Chloroprocaine duration of action

A

30-45 min

54
Q

Esters metabolism

A

hydrolysis by cholinesterase enzyme in plasma > liver

** metabolite = Para aminobenzoid acid (PABA_) = allergy.

hydrolysis; chloroprocain > procain> tetracaine

55
Q

Chloroprocaine side effects

A

no mucous membrane penetration
pregnancy decrease plasma cholinesterase by 40%

56
Q

Tetracaine max dose plain

A

3mg/kg

57
Q

Tetracaine max dose w/ epi

A

3 mg/kg

58
Q

Tetracaine pk

A

8.5

59
Q

tetracaine protein binding

A

76

60
Q

tetracaine lipid solubility

A

80

61
Q

Tetracaine Duration of action

A

1-3 hrs

62
Q

LTA kit

A

LARYNGOTRACHEAL ANESTHESIA

4 mL of 4% (160 mg)

63
Q

Tumescent liposuction peak serum levels

A

12-14 hrs

64
Q

Tumescent lipsuction solution

A

saline with 1:1,000,000 epinephrine and 0.025-0.1% lidocaine. peaks in 12-14 hrs and declines over the next 6-14 hrs

65
Q

Lidocaine dose after aspriation

A

1.5 mg/kg

Clinical prep (21 decks)

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