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meds; regional medications Flashcards

1
Q

xfLidocaine with epi max dose

A

7 mg/kg

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2
Q

lidocaine plain dose

A

5mg/kg

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3
Q

lidocaine brand name

A

xylocaine

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4
Q

lidocaine onset

A

rapid

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5
Q

lidocaine duration

A

1-2 hrs

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6
Q

local anesthetics MOA

A

binds to inactive gate/ H gate on voltage gated NA+ channels in the nerve membranes

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7
Q

lidocaine metabolism

A

oxidative dealkylation in liver then hydrolysis

active metabolite

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8
Q

what characteristic of a drug determines the potency , onset and duration

A

lipid solubility = potency

onset = pKa. inc PKA = slower onset

duration = protein binding. increased binding = inc duration

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9
Q

Are LAs bases or acids

A

bases

base= pka before pH
nicely negative numbers are non ionized. non ionized = x cell wall

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10
Q

structural difference between esters and amides

A

between the lipophilic and hydrocarbon chain

amides = lipophilic carbonyl chain has nitrogen attached

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11
Q

lidocaine pk

A

7.9

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12
Q

lidocaine protein binding

A

70%

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13
Q

lidocaine lipid solubility

A

2.9

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14
Q

Prilocaine plain max dose

A

6mg/kg

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15
Q

prilocaine w/ epi max dose

A

8.5 mg/kg

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16
Q

prilocaine trade name

A

citinest

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17
Q

prilocaine pk

A

7.9

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18
Q

prilocaine protein binding

A

55%

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19
Q

prilocaine lipid solubility

A

0.9

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20
Q

Prilocaine side effects

A

convert hb -> methemoglobin -> methemoglobinemia > 600 mg
Tx= methylene blue

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21
Q

Mepivacaine plain max dose

A

5 mg/kg

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22
Q

Mepivacaine w/ epi max dose

A

7mg/kg

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23
Q

Mepivacaine pka

A

7.6

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24
Q

mepivacaine protein binding

A

77%

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25
mepivacaine lipid solubility
1
26
Mepivacaine duration of action
1.5- 3hrs
27
Bupivacaine plain max dose
2.5 mg/kg
28
Bupivacaine w/ epi max dose
2.5 mg/kg
29
Bupivacaine pk
8.1
30
Bupivacaine lipid solubility
28
31
Bupivacaine protein binding
95% to alpha 1 acid glycoprotein
32
Bupivacaine trade name
Marcaine
33
Bupivacaine Side effects
cardiac toxicity
34
Bupivacaine duration of action
4-8 hrs
35
Ropivacaine plain max dose
3mg/kg
36
Ropivacaine max dose w/ epi
4 mg/kg
37
Ropivacaine brand name
Naropin
38
Ropivacaine pk
8.1
39
Ropivacaine protein binding
94% to alpha 1 acid glycoprotein
40
Ropivacaine duration of action
4-8 hrs
41
ropivacaine metabolism
CYP 450 metabolites accumulate in Uremic pts Decrease systemic toxicity
42
Procaine max dose plain
7mg/kg
43
procaine max dose w/ epi
8.5 mg/kg
44
Chloroprocaine max dose plain
6mg/kg
45
Procaine pk
8.9 = slow onset
46
Chloroprocaine max dose w/ epi
14 mg/kg
47
procaine protein binding
6
48
procaine lipid solubility
0.6
49
chloroprocaine brand name
nesacaine
50
procaine brand name
novacaine
51
Chloroprocaine pk
8.7
52
Procaine duration of action
45-60 min
53
Chloroprocaine duration of action
30-45 min
54
Esters metabolism
hydrolysis by cholinesterase enzyme in plasma > liver ** metabolite = Para aminobenzoid acid (PABA_) = allergy. hydrolysis; chloroprocain > procain> tetracaine
55
Chloroprocaine side effects
no mucous membrane penetration pregnancy decrease plasma cholinesterase by 40%
56
Tetracaine max dose plain
3mg/kg
57
Tetracaine max dose w/ epi
3 mg/kg
58
Tetracaine pk
8.5
59
tetracaine protein binding
76
60
tetracaine lipid solubility
80
61
Tetracaine Duration of action
1-3 hrs
62
LTA kit
LARYNGOTRACHEAL ANESTHESIA 4 mL of 4% (160 mg)
63
Tumescent liposuction peak serum levels
12-14 hrs
64
Tumescent lipsuction solution
saline with 1:1,000,000 epinephrine and 0.025-0.1% lidocaine. peaks in 12-14 hrs and declines over the next 6-14 hrs
65
Lidocaine dose after aspriation
1.5 mg/kg

Clinical prep (22 decks)

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