Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Trauma > Meds > Flashcards

Meds Flashcards

1
Q

Ketamine) dynamics:
Indications:
Contraindications:
(Pain Management) Adult & Pediatric Dose:
Dissociation dose:

A

= + sympathetic response, Sedative-hypnotic & analgesic med
= Moderate to severe pain ØSFI/RSI
= History of hypersensitivity to the med, Hypertension
= 0.2mg/kg/1-2mins w/ max single dose 20mg(.5mg/kg IN/M)
= 1-2mg/kg ((0.5 mg/kg IN/IM)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Acetaminophen) Dynamics:
Indications:
Contra:
Dose:

A

= Nonopioid Analgesic/Antipyretic Fever,
= pain management
= AMS
= IV/IO: 1 gram over 10 - 15 minutes, PO: 15 mg/kg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Diazepam) Dynamics:
Indications:
Contra:
Dose:

A

= Benzodiazepine. Binds w/ GABA receptors causing an influx of Cl
= Tcardia due to stimulant OD, Substained seizures. Anxiety. Sedation.
= Hypersensitivity
= 2.5-10 mg in 2.5 mg increments slow IV/IO/IM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Etomidate) Dynamics:

Indications:
Contra:
Dose:

A

= Nonbarbiturate, nonbenzodiazepine sedative Interacts w/ GABA receptors. Anesthetic w/o analgesic.
= Sedation / SFI/RSI
= Hypersensitivity
= 0.2-0.4 mg/kg (limit to 1 dose). Onset 30 secs Duration: 5-10 mins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Ketamine) Dynamics:
Indications:
Contra:
Sedation Dose:
Pain dose:

A

= Dissociative anesthetic. NMDA Receptor Antagonist Anesthetic
= Sedation, SFI/RSI, Analgesic
= Hypersensitivity
= Sedation: 1-2 mg/kg Onset: 30-60 secs, Duration: 10-20 mins
= Pain: 0.2 mg/kg IV/IO (max single dose 20 mg), 0.5 mg/kg IM/IN (if no IV/IO)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Ketorolac (Toradol) Dynamics:
Indications:
Contra:
Dose:

A

= Anti-inflammatory & antipyretic through inhibition of prostaglandins
= Mild-moderate pain, Fever, Inflammation, Renal calculi
= Hypersensitivity, Bronchospasm, Angioedema
= 15mg IV, 30mgIM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Levalbuterol (Xopenex) Dynamics:

Indications:
Contra:
Dose:

A

= ß Agonist w/ preference for ß2 receptors. <effects on heart vs Albuterol.
= Bronchospasm, Allergies/anaphylaxis, Hyperkalemia
= Hypersensitivity
= 0.63 mg/3 mL via SVN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Lorazepam) Dynamics:
Indications:
Contra:
Dose:

A

= Benzodiazepines, Binds w/ GABA receptors causing an influx of Cl
= Sustained seizures, anxiety, sedation, chemical restraint
= Hypersensitivity
= 2-4 mg (may repeat to a max dose of 8 mg)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Methylene Blue) Dynamics:
Indications:
Contra:
Dose:

A

= Water soluable thiazine dye helps metHb to hemoglobin conversion
= Methemoglobinemia (metHb), Nitrate OD/poisoning
= Hypersensitivity
= 1 mg/kg IV/IO over 5-30 minutes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Midazolam (Versed) Dynamics:
Indications:
Contra:
Seizures Dose:
RSI Dose:

A

= Benzodiazepine, binds w/ GABA receptors causing an influx of Cl
= Active seizures, Chemical restraint, Anxiety, RSI/SFI, Sedation
= Hypersensitivity
= 0.2 mg/kg in 2 mg increments IV/IO (max 10 mg). 5 mg IM/IN
= 0.1-0.3 mg/kg slow IV/IO (max 10 mg) Onset: 2-5 mins. Duration: 15-30 mins.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Morphine) Dynamics:

indications:
Contra:
Analgesia:
STEMI:
NSTEMI-ACS:

A

= Narcotic (Schedule II Opioid) Analgesia & sedation via binding to opiate receptor
= Ischemic chest pain not relieved by Nitroglycerin
= Hypersensitivity. Uncorrected hypotension (<90 SBP)
= 2-10 mg up to max 20 mg.
= 2-4mg slow IV/O, may admin 2nd dose 2-8mg IV/IO q5-15 mins
= 0.1 mg/kg slow IV/IO or IM up to 10 mg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Rocuronium) Dynamics
Indications:
Contra:
Dose:

A

= Nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocker. Binds to ACh receptors
=DSI/RSI
= Hypersensitivity
= 0.6-1.2 mg/kg. TTP: 60-90 secs. DOP: 45-120 mins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate 8.4%) Dynamics:

Indications:

Contra:
Suspected acidosis Dose:
Hyperkalemia Dose:

A

= Alkalinizing Agent. Increases plasma bicarbonate, buffers excess hydrogen ion concertration, raises blood pH & reverses clinical manifestations of acidosis.
= Suspected hyperkalemia, suspected bicarbonateresponsive acidosis (DKA, OD on TCA’s, Aspirin or Cocaine)
= Patients in cardiac arrest
= 1 mEq/kg, Hyperkalemia:
= 50 mEq IV bolus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Succinylcholine) Dynamics
Indications:
Contra:
Dose:

A

= Depolarizing neuromuscular blocker. Binds to Ach recptors
= DSI/RSI
= Hyperkalemia(burns, crush injury), Increased ICP, Severe trauma
= 1-1.5 mg/kg IV/IO. TTP: 45-60 seconds. DOP: 5-10 mins.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Vecuronium) Dynamics:
Indications:
Contra:
Dose:

A

= Nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocker. Binds to ACh receptors
= DSI/RSI
= Hypersensitivity
= 0.1-0.2 mg/kg IV/IO. TTP: 1-3 mins. DOP: 45-90 mins.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Diazepam) Dynamics:
Indications:
Contra:
Dose:

A

= Benzodiazepine Binds with GABA receptors causing an influx of Cl
= TachyC from stimulant OD, Sustained seizure, Anxiety, Sedation,
= Hypersensitivity
= 2.5-10 mg in 2.5 mg increments slow IV/IO/IM.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Dobutamine) Dynamics:
Indications:
Contra:
Dose:

A

α and ß-adrenergic agonist. Inotropic properties
more prounced than chronotropic properties. Cardiac pump problems (CHF) with hypotension.
Should not be used in hypovolemia
until fluid replacement has been
administered. Do not mix with Sodium
Bicarb.
2-20 mcg/kg/min - titrate so heart rate does not
increase by >10% of baseline.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Dopamine) Dynamics:
Indications:
Contra:

Dose:

A

= α & ß agonist, Rate dependent, vasopressor, +Chron/In/Dromotropic
= CHF, hypoBP w/ shock S/S, 2nd med w/ S/S bradyC (after atropine)
= Shouldn’t use in hypovolemic PTs til’ appropriate vol/ replacement occurred, Known Hx Pheochromocytoma, Don’t mix w/ Sodium Bicarb.
2 - 20 mcg/kg/min, titrate to PT response (DO NOT OPEN WIDE OPEN)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Fentanyl) Dynamics:
Indications:
Contra:
Dose:

A

=Synthetic Narcotic (Schedule II Opioid)
= Analgesia & sedation via binding to opiate receptor, sig/ more potent than morphine (100 mcg = 10 mg of Morphine)
= Moderate-Severe pain
= Hypersensitivity, SBP<90
=1mcg/kg to a max dose 100 mcg (IV/IO/IM/) may repeat PRN in 5-10
= 1mcg/kg IN may repeat PRN 5-10mins (Max 1mL PRN if admin/ed IN)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Hydroxocobalamin) Dynamics:
Indications:
Contra:
Dose:

A

Binds with cyanide to form nontoxic
cyanacobalamin (Vitamin B12), preventing its
toxic effects.
Suspected cyanide poisoning Hypersensitivity 5 grams IV/IO over 15 minutes. May repeat a
2nd 5 gram dose for a max of 10 grams

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Ketamine) Dynamics:
Indications:
Contra:
Dose:

A

= Dissociative anesthetic. NMDA Receptor Antagonist
=Anesthetic Sedation / SFI/RSI /
= Hypersensitivity
= Sedation: 1-2 mg/kg Onset: 30-60 secs, Lasts: 10-20 mins
= Analgesia/Pain: 0.2 mg/kg IV/IO (max single dose 20 mg), 0.5 mg/kg IM/IN (if no IV/IO)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Levalbuterol (Xopenex) Dynamics:
Indications:
Contra:
Dose:

A

= ß Agonist w/ preference for ß2 receptors. Has <effects on heart vs. Albuterol
=Bronchospasm, Allergies/anaphylaxis, Hyperkalemia
=Hypersensitivity
= 0.63 mg/3 mL via SVN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Lorazepam) Dynamics:
Indications:
Contra:
Dose:

A

= Benzo Binds w/ GABA receptors causing an influx of Cl
= Sustained seizures, anxiety, sedation, chem restraint
= Hypersensitivity
= 2-4 mg (may repeat to a max dose of 8 mg)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Methylene Blue) Dynamics:
Indications:
Contra:
Dose:

A

= H20 soluable thiazine dye promotes converting metHb>hemoglobin
= Methemoglobinemia (metHb), Nitrate overdose/poisoning = Hypersensitivity
= 1 mg/kg IV/IO over 5-30 mins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Morphine) Dynamics:
Indications:
Contra:
Dose:

A

Narcotic (Schedule II Opioid). Analgesia & sedation w/ binding to opiate receptor
= Ischemic chest pain not relieved by Nitro
= Hypersensitivity. Uncorrected SBP<90
= Analgesia: 2-10 mg up to max 20 mg
STEMI: 2-4 mg slow IV/IO, may admin 2nd dose of 2-8 mg IV/IO q5-15 mins intervals
NSTEMI-ACS: 0.1mg/kg slow IV/IO or IM up to 10 mg.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Norepinephrine) Dynamics:
Indications:
Contra:
Dose:

A

= αß adrenergic agonist (α > ß effects)
= Normovolemic hypoBP, Sepsis, Cardiogenic shock
= Shouldn’t use in hypovol/ til’ vol/ replacement occurred
= 0.1-0.5 mcg/kg/min IV/IO infusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Ondansetron (Zofran) Dynamics:
Indications:
Contra:
Dose:

A

= Selective serotonin 5-HT3 receptor blocker
= Prevention & control of Nausea and/or vomiting
= Hypersensitivity
= 4-8 mg IV slow push, IM, PO.

28
Q

Rocuronium) Dynamics:
Indications:
Contra:
Dose:

A

= Nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocker Binds to ACh receptors
= DSI/RSI
= Hypersensitivity
= 0.6-1.2 mg/kg. TTP: 60-90 seconds. DOP: 45-120 minutes

29
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate 8.4%) Dynamics:
Indications:
Contra:
Dose:

A

= Alkalinizing Agent +plasma bicarbonate, buffers excess hydrogen ion
concertration, raises blood pH & reverses manifestations of acidosis.
= Suspected hyperkalemia, suspected bicarbonate responsive acidosis (DKA, OD on TCA’s, Aspirin or Cocaine)
= Patients in cardiac arrest
= Suspected acidosis:1 mEq/kg
=Hyperkalemia: 50 mEq IV bolus.

30
Q

Tranexamic Acid (TXA) Dynamics:
Indications:
Contra:
Dose:

A

= Binds to plasminogen, blocking plasminogen fibrin interactions (fibrinolysis)
= Sig/ hemorrhage, either in/external (after external hemorrhage is controlled)
= SP 3 hrs past injury, allergy/Sensitivity, Suspected thromboembolism
1 gram over 10 minutes (mix in 50 mL bag of
NS), Followed by 1 gram over 8 hours (500 mL
bag NS).

31
Q

Vecuronium) Dynamics:
Indications:
Contra:
Dose:

A

= Nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocker Binds to ACh receptors
= DSI/RSI
= Hypersensitivity
= 0.1-0.2 mg/kg IV/IO. TTP: 1-3 mins DOP: 45-90mins

32
Q

(Propofol/ Diprivan) Class:
Dose:

A

= Sedative
= 1-2 mg//kg IV/IO Onset: <1min, Lasts: 5-10mins

33
Q

Fentanyl) 1.
2 dynamics:
3 Indications:
4 Contraindications:
5 Adverse Effects:
6 Adult & Pediatric Dose same:

A

1 = quicker but <duration vs Morphine & Schedule II Narcotic
2= Narcotic (opioid) 10x more potent than morphine
3= Moderate to severe pain & Anesthetic
4= Known hypersensitivity to med & SBP<90
5= HypoBP, N/V, Cramps, CHEST WALL RIGIDITY, Resp/depres
6= 1 mcg/kg max of 100 mcg (IV/O& IM/N) may PRN in 5-10 mins w/ Max of 1mL if IN

34
Q

Morphine) 1
2 Pharmacodynamics:
3 Indications:
4 Contraindications:
5 Adverse Effects:
6 Adult Dose:
7 Pediatric Dose:

A

1= (not same as Morphine Sulfate)
2= Narc (opioid) Schedule II & releases histamine
3= Moderate to severe pain
4= SBP< 90, Known hypersensitivity
5= HypoBP, Syncope, Tachy/BradyC, Resp/Depres/Apnea , N/V
6= 2-10mg or 0.1 mg/kg to max dose 20 mg
7= 0.1 mg/kg IV/IO (slow) or IM up to 10 mg

35
Q

Water is contained in what 3 compartments in the human body? What are the percentages?

A

60% of body weight is water 45%=intracellular & 15% extracellular (outside cell)
Interstitial 10.5%
Intravascular 4.5%

36
Q

If you were administering isotonic crystalloid solutions, how much would move out of the intravascular compartment within 1 hour?

A

2/3s would move out

37
Q

What is hydrostatic pressure in the vascular system & what creates it?

What is oncotic pressure in the vascular system and what creates it?

A

=Pressure from heart in blood vessels & forces water to cross the capillary membrane into the interstitial space.
=Pulling water back into the blood vessels by the presence of large proteins in the blood (pulling back in)

38
Q

Oxy Dissociation Curve:
Bohr Effect:
Haldane Effect:

A

= H-globin “Train” taking & dropping oxy
= Acidotic with R-shift of hemoglobin w/ decrease oxy affinity
= Alkalotic w/ L-shift Loves oxy in Lungs

39
Q

Bohr Effect:
Influences by:
What does it do to hemoglobin:

A

= Acid> Hemoglobin droping oxy off in body
= + CO2, +temp, -pH+ BPG 2,3 in body
= -oxy affinity

40
Q

Haldane Effect:
Influences by:
What does it do to the hemoglobin?

A

= Alk> Hemoglobin Loves oxy in Lungs
= -CO2, -temp, +pH -BPG 2,3, in Lungs,
= +oxy affinity

41
Q

(Sedative meds) 1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

A
  1. Etomidate (Amidate)
  2. Midazolam (Versed)
  3. Ketamine (Ketalar)
  4. Propofol (Diprivan)
  5. Lorazepam (Ativan)
  6. Diazepam (Valium)
42
Q

(Paralytic/ Neuromuscular blocking meds) 1.
2.
3.

A
  1. Succinylcholine (Anectine)
  2. Rocuronium (Norcuron)
  3. Vecuronium (Zemuron)
43
Q

(Etomidate/ Amidate) class
Dose:

A

= Sedative
= 0.2-0.4 mg/kg IV/IO

44
Q

(Etomidate/ Amidate) Onset:
Duration:

A

= 30 sec
= 5-10 mins

45
Q

(Etomidate/ Amidate) Advan:
Disadv:

A

= Little effect on B/P. decreases ICP
= Suppresses cortisol, not good for head -injured patients long term.

46
Q

(Midazolam/ Versed) Class:
Dose:

A

= Sedative
= 0.1-0.3 mg/kg IV/IO

47
Q

(Midazolam/ Versed) Onset:
Duration:

A

= 2-5 mins
= 15-30 mins

48
Q

(Midazolam/ Versed) Advan:
Disadv:

A

= Excellent amnesia effects, good sedative
= Hypotension

49
Q

(Ketamine/ Ketalar) Class:
Dose:

A

= Sedative
= 1-2 mg/kg IV/IO

50
Q

(Ketamine/ Ketalar) Onset:
Duration:

A

= 30-60 secs
= 10-20mins

51
Q

(Ketamine/ Ketalar) Advan:
Disadv:

A

= Decreases bronchospasm, little hypotension, amnesia.
= Increases ICP, Hypertension, Tcardia, Laryngospasm, Hallucinations

52
Q

(Propofol/ Diprivan) Class:
Dose:

A

= Sedative
= 1-2 mg//kg IV/IO

53
Q

(Propofol/ Diprivan) Onset:
Duration:

A

= < 1 min
= 5-10mins

54
Q

(Propofol/ Diprivan) Advan:
Disadv:

A

= Rapid onset, good sedative effects
= significant hypotension

55
Q

(Lorazepam/Ativan) class:
Dose:

A

= Sedative
= 0.05 mg/kg IV/IO

56
Q

(Succinylcholine/ Anectine) Class:
Dose:

A

= Depolarizing Neuromuscular Blocker paralytic
= 1-1.5 mg/kg IV/IO

57
Q

(Succinylcholine/ Anectine) TTP:
DOP:

A

= 45-60 secs
= 5-10 mins

58
Q

(Succinylcholine/ Anectine) Contra:
Effects:

A

= Hyper/K, Neuro/M disease, Crush injury, Burns, raised ICP, trauma
= Hyper/K, Muscle fasciculations, Bradycardia, Prolonged paralysis, Malignant hyperthermia, Increased ICP

59
Q

(Rocuronium/ Norcuron) Class:
Dose:

A

= Nondepolarizing Neuromuscular Blocker paralytic
= 0.6-1.2 mg/kg IV/IO (If succinylcholine is contraindicated)

60
Q

(Rocuronium/ Norcuron) TTP:
DOP:

A

= 60-90 secs
= 45-120 mins

61
Q

(Rocuronium/ Norcuron) Contra:
Effects:

A

= Hypersensitivity
= Minimal cardiovascular side effects, Skeletal muscle weakness, Malignant hyperthermia

62
Q

(Vecuronium/ Zemuron) Class:
Dose:

A

= Nondepolarizing Neuromuscular Blocker Paralytic
= 0.1 -0.2 mg/kg IV/IO

63
Q

(Vecuronium/ Zemuron) TTP:
DOP:

A

= 1-3 mins
= 45-90 mins

64
Q

(Vecuronium/ Zemuron) Contra:
Effects:

A

= hypersensitivity
= Minimal cardiovascular side effects, Skeletal muscle weakness, Malignant hyperthermia

65
Q

(Diazepam/ Valium) class:
pharmacodynamics:

A

= benzodiazepine (Sedative)
= binds w/ GABA receptors causing a influx of chloride

66
Q

(Diazepam/ Valium) indications:
Contraindications:

A

= Tcardia from stimulant OD, Sustained seizures, Anxiety, Sedation
= hypersensitivity

67
Q

(Diazepam/ Valium) effects:
dose:

A

= Resp/depress/, N/V, Sedation/amnesia
= 2.5-10mg in 2.5mg increments slow IV/IO/IM

Trauma (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions