Medieval Songhai Empire Flashcards
This King ruled Songhai Empire from 1492A.D. to 1528 A.D. He was an Askiya , which was a titular designation for a king. His political administration embodied the appointed Fari ( Governor ) who administered the Military , the Finance , and Public affairs. His assigned Noi ( the Chief ) presided over the metropolis . Who was this African King?
Askiya Muhammad Ture
The primarily spoken linguistics of the Songhai indigenes .
Nilo Saharan Branch
Songhai 9h Century Capital
Kikuya
Songhai 12th Century Capital
Gao
Askiya Muhammad Ture of Medieval Songhai Empire enthroned for over 3 decades . He instilled economic prosperity , political stability , and Educational reformation. When was the reigning duration ?
1493 A.D. - 1528 A.D.
Askiya Ture like his predecessors Mansa Musa of Medieval Mali paid obeisance to Allah during the festive Hajj in Mecca , the Holy City. Yet , his spiritualism intertwined with economic , political , and pedagogical orientation . Askiya and his retinue of the officers of the State ( e.g. Fari , the governors , Nori the chief of metropolis and other ) conversed with the Arabian Clerisy , Scientists , Doctors , and Mathematicians. This substantially differed and contrasted from Mansa Musa’s pilgrimage .
Askiya Muhammad Ture’s 1497 Hajj
Askiya Muhammad Ture of the late 15th and early 16th Centuries Songhai Empire launched the 2nd phase of territorial conquest and expansion. This encompassed the Atlantic Ocean to Bornu from the Berber county of the North to the Mossi State . Name and identify the remaining one area of conquest.
Benin State of the South
This 4th Ancient Nubian Kingdom and Civilization of Sudan evolved around 730 A.D. to 350 A.D . It integrated the expelled Kushites from Napata who were banished by the Assyrian in 730 B.C. This Kingdom used its appellation , Meroe , as the nascent capital. The proud citizenry partook in Cultural Egyptianization as a vital way of acculturation. They specialized in Iron Metallurgy and cotton clothes manufactures. Meroitic Alphabets supplanted the Egyptian Hieroglyphic Chirography. Yet, the Egyptian Pantheon of Gods remained religiously observed. The Meroites invented the Apedenak as the newest version of the Lion God. There was a Symbiosis of Meroitic Trade and commerce with the Red Sea and the Mediterranean Greece as part of the International Diplomacy. The Ethiopian also came as mercantilists . Iconograpgy and Pictography interwoven as the Meroitic Arts revealing the mammalian species : Lions , Giraffes , Ostriches , and Elephants . These were the common and usual motifs. As pictorial elements.
Meroe’s Evolution
Askiya Muhammad Ture became a remarkable artificer of Medieval Songhai Empire with such ingenuity. as a visionary and an illustrious Monarch during the late 15th and early 16th Centuries C.E. Enumerated below were his accomplishments : Administration of government , Law codification of Songhai , Industry and Trade , and the administration of Justice based on Sharia: its Quranic interpretation and Islamic Jurisprudence. Askiya Ture ensured the protection of the political state via his instilled and orderly Reconstitution and reorganization of the trained men as What ?
Army
Askiya Muhammad Ture of Songhai empire developed his Cabinet members for the execution of the government. He appointed Noi as the Ministerial Chief to proctor and administer the provinces and the Metropolis . He created a separate category and genre for the enforced rule over the Empire’s subdivision. This governmental official regulated the Military , Public Affairs , and the Finance. What was this vizier called ?
Fari
Final Terminus of Medieval Songhai Empire after 1528 A.D. What commenced Piracy and massive destruction?
Moroccan Invasion
Post 1497 A.D. Hajj: Askiya Muhammad Ture of Medieval Songhai reformed finance , trade , and Commerce. The Banking and credit systems were ameliorated. He raised and elevated Timbuktu and Gao as 2 fabled cities and Metropolis as the viable centers of mercantile commercialism. . He installed uniform system of Weights and Measures for the quarried Gold . There were other kind of calibration. Askiya placed concentrated imprimatur in critical area as essential to the cardinal mobility of the empire’s sustenance and sustainability. This was germane to the mercantile relations between the Africans and the Arabians . What was it called ?
International Diplomacy
The 9th Century C.E province of Gao had an independent kingdom that existed in the. Middle Niger , which presaged the inevitable colonization by Mali and Songhai Empires. Its subsequent subjects paid homage and obeisance to the Royal Kings. Their celebratory pageantry was shown in their behavioral duties. They protected their Kings from ultra violet radiation by hovering the parasol over the King’s person. The potentates whetted coffers had dependency on communal tributes and imposts. All men of regnant authority consensually apostatized to Islam by the 10th Century. What was the original name of its kingdom ?
Kawkaw Kingdom
The 15th Century A.D. Askiya Muhammad Ture and his subjects : Fari , Noi , and other Bureaucrats engaged in immersive study at the University of Sankore’s. School of Islam . The pedagogical instruction capitalized on THIS Islamic Law and Legal Codes based on the Quran.
Shari’ah
This West African Sahelian Civilization had been in the existential duration from the 9th Century to the 16th Century C.E. There was historical patterns of evolution , plateau , economic growth , and anticlimax. . Mercantilism such as trade and commerce flourished at the Center of Timbuktu . People , Atavistic ritual and ceremony , Monotheistic fervor took on kaleidoscopic and changing characters. Political infrastructure such as the seat of government was held at these two Capitals : Kikuya ( 9th C.) And Gao ( 12th C.) . Historical data alighted to two pivotal leaderships of Sonni Ali and Muhammad Ture . The African indigenes were largely piscary descendants who conversed in the Linguistics of the Nilo Saharan Branch.
Songhai Empire : Its Preamble
