Medieval Historians quick Flashcards
Islam and Christianity in Spain
al-Rahman II making Al-andalus more like Abbasid, more independent
Coope
Almohads 12th-13th C.
Determined for break from previous Almoravids. Jews + Chr forced to convert
Fierro
Crónica Albeldense, composed 881 - Saracens take kingdom of Goths, against them Chr do battle day and night.
Copied a century later
Later on interest faded.
No such texts come down to us 1000-1140.
Chr expansion = conquest, not reconquest. Demographic pressure, cllimatic change, developing military tech, needs of aristocratic elite, appetites of sheep + cattle.
Fletcher
Only after a few generations, after the cultural barriers separating Muslims from Christians began to crumble, did the threat of Islam assume significant proportions in the eye of Spanish Christians
Wolf
Antioch incorporated Byzantine institutions into its local government
Extracted tributes
Military alliances Mosul-Edessa vs Antioch-Aleppo
Asbridge
Use of may God forsake them epithet by Muslims to describe Franks usage became more widespread, and as time progressed the invocations became less of a genuine response to the Franks and more of a “label” applied to them.
Christie
The crusade movement marked the first major shift in medieval Western religious thinking away from an ideal of world renunciation to one of world affirmation for lay people
Bc of friars
Hamilton
Franciscan HQ at Acre, 1217
The Franks living in the crusader states were influenced by the new orders almost from the start
When all these factors are considered, one can see that the West’s experience of Islam during the crusading period was far from negative
Hamilton
The great debate of the Crusades, so significant in Western history, stirred hardly a ripple of curiosity in the lands of Islam
general lack of interest in the West is in sharp contrast with the earlier response of Islamic civilization to influences from Greece, from Persia, even from India
Lewis
New forms of knightly piety 13th C = deeply indebted to positive role assigned 2 military class in crusades. Martial spirit
Although there were certainly religious fanatics in the West - and this was true within the Islamic world as well - the continued broad-based support for the crusades depended far more on the self-image of a society that commanded the loyalties of people than on fanatical zeal.
Powell
Dante registers little interest in Holy Land crusades, but rather focuses on the corruptions rife in his own Latin lands, demonstrating that at least in the early fourteenth century, an Italian poet who is absorbed by the political issues of his times has turned away from the crusade polemic of previous centuries
Schildgen
The development of various forms of lay spirituality that accompanied the reform movement of the eleventh century found expression in the crusade movement, beginning with the sermons preached by Urban II in 1095. This spirituality had its roots in monasticism.
The crusades further helped to shape lay spirituality along monastic lines, and to provide, in the hospitaller and military orders founded in the twelfth century, models for new monastic forms.
Hamilton
from whole 8 centuries of Muslim Spain only one document come down to us indicating any sort of interest in Western language outside the peninsula.
Colin
details the confrontation between morality and violence in the writings of canonists and theologians, to show how deep were the conflicts over issues fundamental to the crusades
Brundage
