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History > Medieval Europe (packet two) > Flashcards

Medieval Europe (packet two) Flashcards

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1
Q

Habeas corpus

A

It is an order to bring a jailed person before a judge to find out whether the person should be in jail

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2
Q

Common law

A

Land that was the same throughout the kingdom. It helped unite England by replacing laws from place to place

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3
Q

Grand jury

A

It decided if people should be accused of a crime.

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4
Q

Trial jury

A

To decide whether a person was innocent or guilty

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5
Q

Crusade

A

Holy war

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6
Q

William the Conqueror

A

He asked the pope to support his claim to England. He was crowned king of England

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7
Q

Henry ll

A

He ruled England as well as Wales and Ireland. He was feudal lord in France and Scotland.

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8
Q

Thomas Becket

A

Archbishop of Canterbury and the highest ranking clergyman

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9
Q

King John

A

Henry’s son became king in 1199. He increased taxes

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10
Q

Edward l

A

King of England in the late 1200 increased the authority of his council

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11
Q

Philip ll

A

He became king of France in 1180. He worked to expand the French monarchy’s wealth

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12
Q

Philip IV

A

He wanted to raise taxes to pay for his wars. In 1302 he gained approval for his plan from representatives of three estates

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13
Q

Ivan lll

A

He became ruler of Moscow in 1462. He married Sophia a niece of the Byzantine emperor.

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14
Q

Saladin

A

In 1174 it was led by a general

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15
Q

What was the significance of the Battle of Hastings in 1066?

A

William and his army landed in England. They defeated Harold and his soldiers in the battle

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16
Q

How did William the Conqueror stop the revolts in England?

A

William seized the land of Anglo Saxons nobles and divided it amongs his Norman knights

17
Q

Why is King John forced to sign the Magna Carta??

A

He increased taxes and punished his enemies without trial which caused English nobles to rebel.

18
Q

Why is the Magna Carta important?

A

It was a document that placed limits on the King’s power

19
Q

What two limits were placed on the king?

A
  1. The king could collect taxes only if a group of nobles called the Great Council agreed.
  2. The king to uphold the rights of freemen including the rights to fair trials by jury
20
Q

How did Phillip ll bring more power to monarchy in France?

A

He ruled feudal lands in Western France. He fought wars against the English and gained some of these territories.

21
Q

Why was Phillip IV called Phillip the Fair?

A

He raised taxes

22
Q

How were the Mongols driven from Russia?

A

They made great strides toward establishing a huge empire.

23
Q

Why did the Europeans launch the crusades?

A

To capture Jerusalem and free the Holy land where Jesus had lived

24
Q

What were two reason the Crusades were considered successful for the Christians?

A

They burned Jewish books and ordered Jews to wear clothing. Also it helped Christians Kings to fight to regain much of the Muslim controlled Iberian Pennisula which is Spain and Portugal

25
Q

What was a negative impact on the crusades?

A

It weakened feudalism. Nobles sold their lands and freed their selfs.

26
Q

Kievan Rus

A

700s Vikings began ruling Slavs. 1240 invaded by Mongols

27
Q

First crusade

A

Captured Antioch and Jerusalem
Muslims fought back and recaptured land

28
Q

Second crusade

A

Europeans sent more crusades but failed
1174 Muslims leader Saladin gained more land for Muslims.
Declared war against Christians

29
Q

Third crusade

A

Frederick (Germany)
Phillip ll of France
Richard or England
-Richard and Saladin agreed to a truce.

30
Q

Fourth crusade

A

Pope Innocent lll called for crusaders
Merchants crusaders attacked Constantinople
Burned and looted
1453 Constantinople fell to Ottomans

31
Q

Impact

A

Increased trade between Europe and Middle East
Helped break down Feudalism
Kings became more powerful

History (17 decks)

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