History Flashcards
Regent
A regent is a person who rules for an emperor who is too young or to sick to govern
Samurai
Warriors that fought on horseback with swords, daggers and bows and arrows
Kamikaze
Divine wind in honor of spirts that saved their islands
Shogun
Commander of the military forces
Daimyo
Powerful military lords
Vassal
Samurai give an oath of loyalty to Daimyo and pledged to serve them in battle
Feudalism
Bond of loyalty between a lord and a vassal
Sect
Small groups
Martial arts
Sports that involved combat and self defense
Zen buddhism
Inner peace through self. Meditation
Meditation
A person who meditated sat crossed legged or motionless
Tanka
Unrhymed poem of five lines
Haiku
3 lines of words with a total of 17 syllables
Lacquer
Shines black or red coating
Origami
The art of folding paper
Fujiwara
It was a clan and it was a villa later converted into a temple
Minamoto yoritomo
The commander of the minamoto forces
Ashikaga takauji
A general resisted the emperor and made himself shogun
Murasaki shikibu
She wrote the The tale of Genji and wrote a diary with more than 120 poems
Heian
The emperor of Japan moved the emperor from Nara to a new city called heian kyo
Kamakura
Small seaside town
Kyoto
They developed a major center of production. It benefited from trade from Korea, china, Southeast Asia
Why did the emperor’s power weaken in the 800’s
After a period of emperors a number of weak emperors came to the throne
Who won the civil war between Tariq and Minamoto families? What happened as a result
The Minamoto family won. The commander was Yoritomo. As a result the emperor feared that the Minamoto would take his throne. So he gave him the title of shogun
Why was the shogun important?
The commander in the military forces sets up his own government. Shoguns ran Japan’s government.
Where did Japan wealth come from?
The hard labor of its farmers. Rice, wheat, millet, and barley were their chief crops
What was the role of woman during medieval Japan?
Women were emperors and could own property. Women who were abandoned could divorce or remarry. Women gained fame as artists, writers, and entertainers.
Pure land Buddhism
Happy life after death
Art and architecture
Landscape paintings, borrowed from china and Korea
Economy and society
Wealth came from farmers . Improvements, guilds formed, Daimyo protected
Kamurkura shogunate ruled until 1333
Emperor rebelled, samurai helped,
Onin war
Japan’s warriors fought each other
Archipelago
A chain of islands that runs north to south in the pacific ocean
Constitution
A plan of government
Animism
Japanese believed that humans, animals, plants, rocks and rivers have their own spirits
Yamato
A clan that ruled most of Japan other clans had to give their loyalty to Yamato
Jimmu
A Yamato leader was the great grandson of goddess that gave him the right to rule Japan
Shotuku
He was a prince that ruled Japan on behalf of his aunt, He also created the constitution
How did Japan’s geography shape its society?
Japan kept the Japanese isolated or separated. It became a strongly independent civilization
What are the basic beliefs of the Shinto religion?
There love of nature, striving for simplicity, cleanliness and good manners
What Chinese ideas influenced Prince shotoku?
Buddhism, Chinese art, philosophy, and medicine.
Describe the Taika (or Great Change).
Japan was divided into districts ruled by officials who reported to the emperor. All farmland who placed under the emperor’s control
Describe the city of Nara
It had broad street, large public squares, Buddhist temples, and Shinto shrines. Noble families lived in large Chinese style homes
From what two countries did Japan borrow many artistic ideas during the Middle Ages?
China and Korea
