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History > Medicine - Renaissance > Flashcards

Medicine - Renaissance Flashcards

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1
Q

Name 4 ideas on the cause of disease that continued in the renaissance period

A

Miasma
Religious
Supernatural
4 humours

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2
Q

What was fragcatoro theory (1546)

A

The idea that seeds in the air caused disease

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3
Q

What was the idea animalcules and how was it able to be discovered ?

A

The idea that tiny animals were the cause of disease, due to more powerful microscopes

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4
Q

Why was bathing less common in the renaissance period ?

A

Spread of syphilis in bath houses

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5
Q

How did people prevent miasma in the renaissance period ?

A

Removed sewage, drained bogs, cleaned

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6
Q

Did Regimin sanitatis continue in the renaissance period ?

A

Yes

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7
Q

What superstitious belief did people have about their birth ?

A

If you were a weak child it would lead to later illness

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8
Q

Name a prevention method in the renaissance period

A

Magical charms (Great Plague), Regimin sanitatis, avoiding areas with disease, not bathing, removing sewage, idea of moderation

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9
Q

What is alchemy ?

A

“Medical chemistry”

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10
Q

What was used to purge Illness by sweating and sickness ?

A

Antimony

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11
Q

How many chemicals did the college of physicians suggest ?

A

Over 122 chemical cures to treat 2149 diseases

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12
Q

What was the idea of transference ?

A

The idea that an illness could be transferred from a patient to something else (onion on warts)

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13
Q

What herbal remedies did they use ?

A

Ones which matched the color of the illness (eg. red wine for smallpox)

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14
Q

How did the exploration of the new world effect treatments ?

A

New spices and herbs were discovered such as quinine

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15
Q

Did bleeding a purging continue in the renaissance period ?

A

Yes

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16
Q

What was the Kings royal touch ?

A

The idea that touching the king could cure illness (over 92000 visiting Charles II to cure their scrofula)

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17
Q

What was the “magic” cure for malaria ?

A

“Cut off hair, feed to birds in an egg and put inside a tree”

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18
Q

How many mistakes did Vesalius find in Galen’s work on anatomy ?

A

300 (males have the same amount of ribs as females)

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19
Q

How did Vesalius discover his ideas on anatomy ?

A

By dissecting executed criminals

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20
Q

What was Vesalius’ book and when was it published ?

A

“The fabric of the human body” in 1543

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21
Q

What was Sydenham’s nickname ?

A

The English Hippocrates

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22
Q

What did Sydenham encourage ?

A

That physicians should observe the symptoms of their symptoms patients and not rely on medical books

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23
Q

What was Sydenham’s book called and how long was it used for ?

A

“Observations medicae”, used for 200 years

24
Q

What cures did Sydenham introduce ?

A

Quinine for malaria, iron for anemia

25
Q

What did Harvey discover ?

A

How blood circulated through the body

26
Q

What did people previously think, related to the heart ?

A

New blood constantly made in liver to replace burned up blood
Veins carried blood and air
Blood travelled through an invisible hole in the septum from one to another side of the heart

27
Q

Where did Harvey publish his ideas and when ?

A

“An anatomical account of the motion of the heart and blood” in 1628

28
Q

How did Harvey discover how blood was pumped around the body ?

A

By dissecting humans and the hearts of live cold blooded animals

29
Q

When was the first blood transfusion and who did it ?

A

1665, Richard Lower

30
Q

When was the royal society founded

A

1660

31
Q

What did the royal society allow physicians to do ?

A

Study each others work and members were encouraged to challenge existing ideas

32
Q

What was the royal society’s journal called ?

A

“Philosophical transactions”

33
Q

When was the printing press created ?

A

1440

34
Q

What did the printing press allow physicians to do ?

A

Mass publish their own ideas with identical diagrams and text

35
Q

Did hospitals in the renaissance provide care not cure ?

A

No they provided care and cure

36
Q

What could people expect in a Renaissance hospital ?

A
  • a good diet
  • a visit from a physician who could observe and suggest treatment
  • medication from the hospital apothecary
37
Q

When was the dissolution of the monasteries?

A

1436

38
Q

What were pox houses ?

A

“Hospitals” which focused on one disease (such as the plague)

39
Q

When was the Great Plague ?

A

1665

40
Q

How many Londoners died from the Great Plague ?

A

100,000, 1 in 5

41
Q

What did people think caused miasma during the Great Plague ?

A

Stinking rubbish in major cities which caused vapor to be present in soil which was released in summer when the weather warmed

42
Q

What astrology events were thought to be the cause of the Black Death ?

A
  • 1644, alignment of Saturn and Mars
  • 1664, mysterious comet
  • 1664, alignment of Saturn and Jupiter
43
Q

What preventative measure did the college of physicians create during the Great Plague ?

A
  • regular prayer and repentance
  • quarantine
  • carrying pomanders
  • fasting regularly
  • eating lots of garlic and sage
44
Q

Where there many physicians during the Great Plague?

A

No, most left London and often died if they stayed

45
Q

What did plague doctors wear ?

A

Hooked bird like masks filled with herbs and cloaks treated with wax

46
Q

What was “plague water” ?

A

A apothecary treatment method made of mint, rosemary and sugar

47
Q

What was encouraged during the Black Death ?

A

Smoking tobacco

48
Q

What were quack doctors ?

A

Doctors who mixed remedies and called them fabulous cures

49
Q

Name 2 things people did with buboes from the Black Death ?

A

Transference (chicken)
Lancing them with a feather plucked from a bird blessed by a holy person

50
Q

Why did people who were infected with the bubonic plague sit by a fire wrapped in cloth ?

A

To “sweat” the disease out

51
Q

What happened to the village of Eyam ?

A

In 1665 when badly infected with the plague the whole village quarantined for over 14 months (did not spread outside of village)

52
Q

What did the government close/ ban ?

A

Funerals, fairs, theatres

53
Q

How did people drive away miasma during the Great Plague ?

A

Burning barres of tar and herbs in street corners

54
Q

How many dogs/ cats were killed during the Great Plague ?

A

200,000 cats and 40,000 dogs

55
Q

How many days did an infected household have to quarantine for during the Great Plague ?

A

28/40

History (5 decks)

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