Medications VA2 ECC Part 2 Flashcards by Kara Magneheim

What kind of medication is marbofloxacin?

An antibiotic

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What is the brand name for marbofloxacin?

Zeniquin

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What are some side effects of marbofloxacin

Inappetence, vomiting, diarrhea. May cause neurologic changes or seizures at high doses.

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What should you tell a client who is administering marbofloxacin at home?

Finish all medication, give with a meal. Ensure you report any side effects to your veterinarian

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What kind of medication is meclizine?

Anti-emetic and motion sickness medication

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What are the main side effects of meclizine?

Profound sedation, hypotension

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What should you check before administering meclizine?

Blood pressure

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What kind of medication is methimazole?

Antithyroid hormone

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What is methimazole prescribed for?

Hyperthyroid disease

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If you have a patient on methimazole, is it likely a dog or cat?

Cat. Methimazole is for hyperthyroid disease which is almost exclusively seen in cats.

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What are some common side effects of methimazole?

Vomiting, inappetence, lethargy

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What are the brand names for methimazole?

Tapazole, felimazole

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Are tapazole and felimazole the same medication?

No. Some cats have a reaction to one but not the other, even though they are the same active ingredient.

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How is methimazole administered?

Usually orally, some clients have transdermal

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What should clients know about giving methimazole at home?

May cause vomiting or inappetence. Try to give with a meal. Monitor for severe lethargy and report any side effects.

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What kind of medication is misoprostol?

A prostaglandin analog mainly used for treatment or prevention of GI ulcerations from NSAIDS

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How is misoprostol administered

Orally

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What must clients know about misoprostol administration at home?

You should wear gloves. Pregnant women should NOT handle this drug, it has a high rate of causing miscarriages.

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What are some side effects of misoprostol in the patient?

Mostly GI side effects, vomiting, diarrhea, inappetence, abdominal pain. In intact females vaginal bleeding and uterine contraction is possible.

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What kind of medication is norepinephrine?

A vasoconstrictor used to raise blood pressure

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When might norepinephrine be administered?

In cases where there is life threatening hypotension secondary to poor vascular tone

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How is norepinephrine administered?

Via CRI with careful monitoring

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What are some side effects of norpeinephrine?

Hypertension, arrhythmias, severe peripheral vasoconstriction

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What kind of medication is oxytocin?

A hormone used to stimulate uterine contraction and milk let-down

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What is the brand name for oxytocin?

Pitocin

When might oxytocin be prescribed?

In a patient with dystocia due to poor uterine inertia. Egg binding in birds.

How is oxytocin administered?

IV, IM. SQ

What are some side effects of oxytocin?

Potential for uterine rupture if there is an obstruction, abdominal pain due to increased contraction, nausea

When should oxytocin be avoided?

In patients with uterine torsion, when the pelvis is too narrow for the fetus, when the fetus is mispositioned, when there is another cause for poor uterine inertia (low calcium, low glucose)

What kind of medication is pimobendan?

It is a heart medication - improves cardiac contractility

How is pimobendan administered?

Orally

What are side effects from pimobendan?

Decreased appetite, lethargy, diarrhea

What kind of medication is potassium bromide?

An anticonvulsant (seizure prevention)

What are side effects of potassium bromide?

Excessive sedation, ataxia, lethargy, rarely excitation

What are some other names for potassium bromide

KBr. K-Bro Vet. K-Bro

What kind of medication is potassium gluconate

A potassium supplement

How is potassium bromide administered?

Usually orally

What is a primary difference between potassium gluconate and potassium chloride?

Potassium chloride is an intravenous drug, potassium gluconate is an oral medication

When might potassium gluconate be prescribed?

Deficiency of potassium, diabetes, kidney disease

What kind of medication is prazosin?

A smooth muscle relaxer - usually used for bladder and urethral tone. May be used in CHF or for arterial or pulmonary hypertension

What are some side effects of prazosin?

Vasodilation, hypotension, lethargy, diarrhea, pytalism

How is prazosin administered?

Usually orally

What kind of medication is proparacaine?

A local anesthetic agent

How is proparacaine administered?

Usually intraocular

What is S-adenosylmethionine + silybin?

A liver protective supplement

What is another name for S-adenosylmethionine + silybin?

Denamarin

If a client is going to administer Denamarin at home what do they need to know?

Denamarin should be administered on an empty stomach - 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal

What is sildenafil used for?

Pulmonary hypertension, sometimes used for megaesophagus

What is another name for sildenafil?

Viagra

What are possible side effects of sildenafil?

Possible hypotension, possible GI side effects, possible skin flushing

What kind of medication is sotalol?

A beta blocker and a class III antiarrhythmic agent.

When are patients usually prescribed sotalol?

When they have ventricular tachycardia long term

How is sotalol administered?

Usually orally

What are some side effects of sotalol?

Lethargy, GI side effects

What does a client need to know if they are administering sotalol at home?

Give with food, do not discontinue this medication without veterinary direction, do not skip doses, report any side effects or concerns

What kind of medication is spironolactone?

An aldosterone antagonist that is used as a potassium sparing diuretic in patients with heart failure

How is spironolactone administered?

Usually orally

What do clients need to know about administering spironolactone at home?

Do not skip doses, do not discontinue medication without consulting veterinarian this is usually a lifetime medication. This may cause increased thirst and urination - ensure free access to fresh water. May cause some GI side effects

What side effects are possible from spironolactone?

Dehydration, excessive thirst and urination, may cause GI upset

What kind of medication is theophylline?

A bronchodilator

What side effects are possible from theophylline?

Tachycardia, excitement, GI side effects

What kind of medication is trimeprazine-pred?

Trimeprazine-Pred is a combination anti-histamine and corticosteroid - used for patients with allergic inflammatory conditions

What is the brand name for Trimeprazine-Pred

Temaril-P

What do clients need to know about administering Temaril-P at home?

May cause increased thirst, urination, and appetite, may cause behavioral changes. Medication MUST be tapered, follow instructions carefully.

What kind of medication is trimethoprim-sulfa?

An antibiotic (sulfa based)

What do clients need to know about administering trimethoprim sulfa at home?

Be careful and wear gloves - some humans have a sulfa sensitivity. Administer with food, finish all medication. May cause GI side effects.

What is another name for trimethoprim sulfa?

TMS

What kind of medication is tylosin?

An antibiotic (often prescribed as an antidiarrheal)

What do clients need to know about administering tylosin at home?

May cause GI side effects, finish all medication, give with food

What kind of medication is ursodiol?

Ursodiol is a naturally occurring bile acid that increases the flow of bile in the liver

When might ursodiol be used?

When patients have cholestasis or liver disease

What are some side effects of ursodiol?

Uncommonly GI side effects or worsening liver disease

What does the client need to know about giving ursodiol at home?

The patient will need to have their bloodwork monitored. Give with food.

What kind of medication is vitamin B12?

A B-vitamin supplement

What is another name for vitamin B12?

Cobalamin

When might vitamin B12 be given to a pet?

With many GI disorders and some liver diseases

How is vitamin B12 administered?

Usually SQ or IV

What is vitamin K used for?

Vitamin K is used as a supplement in some liver diseases that cause coagulation issues. Also used in some rodenticide toxicities.

How is vitamin K administered?

SQ or orally

What does the client need to know about giving oral vitamin K at home?

Must give with a meal - preferably something higher in fat