medication

Question 1

adenosine

Answer 1

antiarrhythmic
used in paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia
restores sinus rhythm
prolongs delay in AV node

Question 2

digoxin

Answer 2

cardiac glycoside
used in AF and heart failure
slows AV conduction
SE - nausea, vomiting, yellow vision, ventricular arrhythmias, bradycardia, heart block

Question 3

ramipril
lisinopril
fosinopril

Answer 3

ACE
used in hypertension, heart failure 
ACE inhibitor, vasodilator 
SE - cough, renal dysfunction, angioneurotic, oedema
not in pregnancy

Question 4

doxazosin

Answer 4

alpha blocker
used in hypertension, prostatic hypertrophy
blocks alpha adrenoceptors to cause vasodilation
SE - postural hypotension

Question 5

ranolazine

Answer 5

Na channel modulator
used in refractory angina
decrease calcium load on heart
SE - asthenia, constipation, headache, vomiting

Question 6

sacubitril/valsartan

Answer 6

neprilysin inhibitor/ARB
used in heart failure
SE - hypotension, renal impairment, hyperkalaemia, angioneurotic oedema

Question 7

losartan
valsartan
candesartan

Answer 7

ARB
used in heart failure, hypertension 
blocks angiotensin I becoming angiotensin II
SE - renal dysfunction, no cough
not in pregnancy

Question 8

ivabradine

Answer 8

If channel 
used in angina 
slows heart rate 
blocks HCN channel in SA node
only works in sinus rhythm 
SE - altered visual disturbance

Question 9

bisoprolol
atenolol
propanolol
carvedilol

Answer 9

beat blocker
used in angina, ACS, MI, hypertension, heart failure
blocks beta 1 receptors
slows heart rate
not used in asthma
worsen heart failure in short term, cardiogenic shock, tired, cold peripheries

Question 10

cyclizine
ondansetron
prochlorperazine

Answer 10

antiemetic

give with morphine

Question 11

warfarin

Answer 11

anti-coagulant
vitamin K
prosthetic heart valves
risk of haemorrhage

Question 12

nicorandil

Answer 12

K channel activator
used in angina
vasodilator
SE - headache, mouth and GI ulcers

Question 13

bendrofluazide

furosemide

Answer 13

diuretics
used in hypertension, heart failure
blocks Na reabsorption in kidneys
SE - hypokaelemia, hyperglycaemia

Question 14

amiodarone
sotalol
flecanide

Answer 14

anti-arrhythmic
used in AF, VT
IV - fall in BP

Question 15

rivaroxaban
dabigatran
edoxaban

Answer 15

DOAC

used in DVT, PE, NSTEMI, AF

Question 16

heparin

Answer 16

anticoagulant

risk of haemorrhage

Question 17

allirocumab

evolucumab

Answer 17

PCSK9 inhibitor
used in high cholesterol
inhibits binding of PCSK9 increases LDLRs available to clear LDL

Question 18

spiralactone

Answer 18

antimineralocorticoid
used in heart failure, hypertension
blocks aldosterone receptors
SE - gynaecomastia, hyperkaelemia, renal impairment

Question 19

isosorbide mononitrate

Answer 19

long acting nitrate
used in angina, acute heart failure
organic nitrates relax all smooth muscle via their metabolism to NO
SE - headache, hypotension, collapse

Question 20

aspirin
clopidogrel
ticagrelor
prasugrel

Answer 20

anti platelet
used in angina, MI, stroke, TIA
prevent new thrombosis
SE - haemorrhage, peptic ulcer, sensitivity

Question 21

bezafibrate

Answer 21

fibrate

used in low HDL cholesterol, hypertriglyceridemia

Question 22

atorvastatin
simvastatin
pravastatin
fluvastatin
rosuvastatin

Answer 22

statin
used in hypercholesterolaemia, diabetes, ACS, stroke, MI
blocks HMG CoA reductase
SE - myopathy, rhabolomyolysis- renal failure

Question 23

amalodipine
verapamil
diltiazem

Answer 23

calcium channel blocker 
used in hypertension, angina 
vasodilator
SE - ankle oedema
not used in heart failure