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EMT > Medication > Flashcards

Medication Flashcards

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1
Q

Which of the following statements regarding the epinephrine auto-injector is correct?
Choose one answer.
A. The adult auto-injector delivers 0.5 to 1 mg of epinephrine.
B. The epinephrine auto-injector delivers a preset amount of the drug.
C. EMTs do not need physician authorization to use the auto-injector.
D. The auto-injector delivers epinephrine via the subcutaneous route.

A

B. The epinephrine auto-injector delivers a preset amount of the drug.

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2
Q 
A 37-year-old male is found unconscious in his car. His airway is patent and his respirations are rapid and labored. As you and your partner are assessing and treating the patient, a police officer hands you a medication named Alupent, which he found in the backseat of the patient's car. This medication suggests that the patient has a history of:
Choose one answer.
	A. allergic reactions.  	
	B. heart disease.  	
	C. asthma.
	D. hypertension.
A

C. asthma

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3
Q

A drug is contraindicated for a patient when it:
Choose one answer.
A. may cause harm or have no positive effect.
B. is used to treat a specific medical condition.

C. produces actions other than the desired ones.  

D. is used to treat a multitude of conditions.
A

A. may cause harm or have no positive effect.

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4
Q 
You are dispatched to a movie theater for a 39-year-old female with signs and symptoms of an allergic reaction. As you are assessing her, she pulls an epinephrine auto-injector out of her purse and hands it to you. After administering 100% oxygen, you should:
Choose one answer.
	A. check the drug's expiration date.  	
	B. contact medical control.  	
	C. administer the drug.  	
	D. verify the medication name.
A

B. contact medical control.

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5
Q 
Which of the following is an example of a drug's generic name?
Choose one answer.
	A. Advil  	
	B. Excedrin  	
	C. Bayer  	
	D. aspirin
A

D. aspirin

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6
Q 
Activated charcoal is an example of a(n):
Choose one answer.
	A. elixir.  	
	B. gel.  	
	C. suspension.  	
	D. solution.
A

C. suspension

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7
Q

While assisting a paramedic in the attempted resuscitation of a 55-year-old male in cardiac arrest, you should expect the paramedic to:
Choose one answer.
A. administer drugs via the IV route to achieve the fastest effect.
B. give the patient activated charcoal to rule out a drug overdose.
C. withhold drug therapy until an intraosseous catheter is in place.
D. give the patient nitroglycerin to increase his blood pressure.

A

A. administer drugs via the IV route to achieve the fastest effect.

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8
Q

Which of the following statements regarding the metered-dose inhaler (MDI) is correct?
Choose one answer.
A. Shaking an MDI prior to use will cause deactivation of the medication.
B. MDIs are most commonly used by patients with cardiovascular disease.
C. MDIs are contraindicated for patients with asthma or emphysema.
D. An MDI delivers the same amount of medication every time it is used.

A

D. An MDI delivers the same amount of medication every time it is used

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9
Q

A 62-year-old male presents with crushing chest pain, which he describes as being the same kind of pain that he had with a previous heart attack. He has prescribed nitroglycerin but states that he has not taken any. After administering 100% oxygen and contacting medical control, you should:
Choose one answer.
A. administer the nitroglycerin unless he has taken Viagra within the past 72 hours.
B. assist him with his nitroglycerin unless his systolic blood pressure is less than 100 mm Hg.
C. begin immediate transport and request a rendezvous with a paramedic unit.

A

B. assist him with his nitroglycerin unless his systolic blood pressure is less than 100 mm Hg

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10
Q

Which of the following statements regarding parenteral medications is correct?
Choose one answer.
A. Parenteral medications are absorbed by the body through the digestive system.
B. Compared to enteral medications, parenteral medications have fewer side effects.
C. Tylenol is an example of a parenteral medication because it is taken orally.
D. Parenteral medications are absorbed more quickly than enteral medications.

A

D. Parenteral medications are absorbed more quickly than enteral medications

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11
Q

Which of the following statements regarding glucose is correct?
Choose one answer.
A. Glucose is a complex sugar that rapidly absorbs into the bloodstream.
B. Glucose is usually administered by the EMT via the intravenous route.
C. Glucose is given to patients who are suspected of being hyperglycemic.
D. Glucose is a simple sugar that is readily absorbed by the bloodstream.

A

D. Glucose is a simple sugar that is readily absorbed by the bloodstream.

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12
Q 
You arrive at a residence approximately 20 minutes after a 7-year-old boy, who weighs 22 kg, ingested a bottle of Advil. He is conscious and alert and has stable vital signs. Medical control orders you to administer activated charcoal and oxygen and then transport the child at once. The appropriate maximum dose of activated charcoal for this child is:
Choose one answer.
	A. 11 g.  
	B. 36 g. 
	C. 44 g.
	D. 22 g.
A

C. 44 g

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13
Q

A 49-year-old male with an extensive cardiac history presents with 2 hours of crushing chest pain and shortness of breath. He is pale and diaphoretic and tells you that he feels like he is going to die. His medications include nitroglycerin, sildenafil (Viagra), and enalapril (Vasotec). His blood pressure is 140/90 mm Hg and his heart rate is 110 beats/min. In addition to administering 100% oxygen, you should:
Choose one answer.
A. administer one nitroglycerin and call medical control.
B. obtain physician approval to give the nitroglycerin.
C. ask him if he took his Viagra within the past 24 hours.

A

C. ask him if he took his Viagra within the past 24 hours.

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14
Q 
Medications encased in a gelatin shell taken by mouth are called:
Choose one answer.
	A. capsules. 
	B. caplets.
	C. pills
	D. tablets.
A

A. capsules

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15
Q 
Which of the following medication routes would be the MOST appropriate to use in an unconscious patient when intravenous access cannot be obtained?
Choose one answer.
	A. subcutaneous  	
	B. intramuscular  	
	C. intraosseous (IO)  	
	D. transcutaneous
A

C. intraosseous (IO)

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16
Q 
What medication form does oral glucose come in?
Choose one answer.
	A. fine powder 	
	B. gel
	C. liquid 
	D. suspension
A

B. gel

17
Q

A 74-year-old woman complains of heaviness in her chest, nausea, and sweating that suddenly began about an hour ago. She is conscious and alert, but anxious. Her blood pressure is 144/84 mm Hg and her heart rate is 110 beats/min. She took two of her prescribed nitroglycerin (0.4-mg tablets) before your arrival but still feels heaviness in her chest. You should:
Choose one answer.
A. recall that geriatric patients often have slower absorption and elimination times, which may necessitate modification of the dosing of certain drugs.
B. transport her at once and wait at least 20 minutes before you consider assisting her with a third dose of her prescribed nitroglycerin.
C. ask her in taking one more of her nitroglycerin tablets, reassess her blood pressure, and contact medical control for further instructions.
D. give her high-flow oxygen, avoid giving her any more nitroglycerin because it may cause a drop in her blood pressure, and transport.

A

A. recall that geriatric patients often have slower absorption and elimination times, which may necessitate modification of the dosing of certain drugs

18
Q 
When assessing an elderly male who complains of nausea and generalized weakness, you find that he takes simvastatin (Vytorin) and clopidogrel (Plavix). This medication regimen suggests a history of:
Choose one answer.
	A. non–insulin-dependent diabetes.  	
	B. cardiovascular disease.  	
	C. reactive airway disease.  	
	D. bacterial infection.
A

B. cardiovascular disease

19
Q 
Which of the following is an example of a brand (trade) name of a drug?
Choose one answer.
	A. nitroglycerin  	
	B. ibuprofen  	
	C. Tylenol
A

C. Tylenol

20
Q

You are dispatched to a state park for a young female experiencing an allergic reaction. Your assessment reveals that her breathing is severely labored and her blood pressure is very low. You carry epinephrine auto-injectors on your ambulance and have been trained and approved by your medical director to administer them. As your partner gives the patient high-flow oxygen, you attempt to contact medical control but do not have a signal from your cell phone. You should:
Choose one answer.
A. immediately load the patient into the ambulance, begin transport, and reattempt to contact medical control when you receive a cell signal.
B. notify dispatch and request that a paramedic unit respond to the scene so they can administer epinephrine to the patient.
C. elevate the patient’s legs 6″ to 12″, keep her warm, begin transport to the hospital, and request a paramedic intercept en route.
D. administer epinephrine to the patient, begin immediate transport, and attempt to contact medical control en route to the hospital.

A

D. administer epinephrine to the patient, begin immediate transport, and attempt to contact medical control en route to the hospital.

21
Q 
With the flowmeter set at 6 L/min, the nasal cannula will deliver up to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ oxygen.
Choose one answer.
	A. 24%  	
	B. 44%  	
	C. 34%  	
	D. 14%
A

B. 44%

22
Q 
Which of the following is the MOST rapidly acting medication administration route?
Choose one answer.
	A. sublingual (SL)  	
	B. subcutaneous (SC)  	
	C. intravenous (IV)  	
	D. intramuscular (IM)
A

C. intravenous (IV)

23
Q 
Which of the following medication routes delivers a drug through the skin over an extended period of time, such as a nitroglycerin or nicotine patch?
Choose one answer.
	A. sublingual
	B. subcutaneous  	
	C. transcutaneous  	
	D. intraosseous
A

C. transcutaneous

24
Q

The term “pharmacology” is MOST accurately defined as:
Choose one answer.
A. the study of drugs that are produced illegally.
B. the study of drug excretion from the human body.
C. the study of how medications affect the brain.
D. the study of drugs and their actions on the body.

A

D. the study of drugs and their actions on the body.

25
Q

You are treating a middle-aged man with chest discomfort. He has a history of three previous heart attacks and takes nitroglycerin as needed for chest pain. You have standing orders to administer aspirin to patients with suspected cardiac-related chest pain or discomfort. While your partner is preparing to give oxygen to the patient, you should:
Choose one answer.
A. ensure that the patient’s systolic blood pressure is at least 100 mm Hg since aspirin dilates the blood vessels and can cause a drop in blood pressure.
B. confirm that the patient is not allergic to aspirin, give him the appropriate dose of aspirin, and document the time and dose given.
C. contact medical control, apprise him or her of the patient’s chief complaint and vital signs, and request permission to give him aspirin.
D. assist the patient in taking one of his prescribed nitroglycerin, assess his vital signs, and give him aspirin if he is still experiencing chest discomfort.

A

B. confirm that the patient is not allergic to aspirin, give him the appropriate dose of aspirin, and document the time and dose given.

26
Q 
In \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ administration, you are administering medication to yourself or your partner.
Choose one answer.
	A. patient-assisted  	
	B. paramedic-administered  	
	C. EMT-administered  	
	D. peer-assisted
A

D. peer-assisted

27
Q 
The process of binding or sticking to a surface is called:
Choose one answer.
	A. suspension.  	
	B. adsorption.  	
	C. digestion.
A

B. adsorption

28
Q 
The medical term for an extremely low blood glucose level is:
Choose one answer.
	A. hyperglycemia.  	
	B. hypotension.  	
	C. hypoglycemia.  	
	D. hypertension.
A

C. hypoglycemia

29
Q

A medication with antagonistic properties is one that:
Choose one answer.
A. stimulates receptor sites and allows other chemicals to attach to them.
B. enhances the effects of another medication when given in a higher dose.
C. produces a cumulative effect when mixed with the same type of medication.
D. blocks receptor sites and prevents other chemicals from attaching to them.

A

D. blocks receptor sites and prevents other chemicals from attaching to them.

30
Q

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of epinephrine?
Choose one answer.
A. dilates passages in the lungs
B. decreases heart rate and blood pressure
C. constricts blood vessels
D. secreted naturally by the adrenal glands

A

B. decreases heart rate and blood pressure

EMT (12 decks)

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