Anatomy Flashcards
Face down body position
Prone
Face up body position.
Supine
Fowler’s Position
Sitting up with knees bent.
Trendelenburg’s Position
Supine with feet raised 6 to 12 inches higher than the head
Lying on side.
Recovery Position
Structure that connects bones to one another.
Ligament
Structure that connects bone to muscle.
Tendon
Cushion between bones, found in joints.
Cartilage
The skull.
Cranium
Opening at the base of the skull.
Foramen Magnum
part of the cranium.
Occiput Posterior
Eye socket.
Orbit
The first 7 vertebrae.
Cervical Spine
The 12 vertebrae that attach to the ribs.
Thoracic Spine
The 5 lowest non-fused vertebrae.
Lumbar Spine
Five sacral vertebrae fused together, joined to the pelvis.
Sacrum
The last 4 vertebrae, fused together to form the tailbone.
Coccyx
The upper section of the sternum.
Manubrium
Narrow, cartilaginous tip at the bottom of the sternum
Xiphoid Process
Superficial landmarks of the body
Topographic
Position when patient standing facing you, arms to the side and palms open forward
Anatomic position
There are three planes to the body
Frontal (coronal) plane
Transverse (horizontal) plane
Sagittal plane
Front and back of the body
Frontal (coronal)
Top and bottom of the body
Transverse (horizontal)
Left and right of the body
Sagittal
Left and right-equal halves of the body
Midsagittal (midline)
The front surface of the body
Anterior(ventral)
The back surface of the body
Posterior (dorsal)
Closest to the head
Superior
Closest to the feet
Inferior
Closest to the point of attachment
Proximal
Farthest from the point of attachment
Distal
Closest to the midline
Medial
Farthest from the midline
Lateral
Closest to the surface of the skin
Superficial
Farthest from the surface of the skin
Deep
Belly side or anterior of the body
Ventral
Spinal side or the posterior surface of the body including the back of the hand
Dorsal
Front region of the hand referred to as Palm
Palmar
Bottom of the foot
Plantar
Tip of a structure
Apex
Bending of a joint
Flexion
Straightening of a joint
Extension
Motion toward the midline
Adduction
Motion away from the midline
Abduction
Body part that appear on both sides of the midline
Bilateral
Way to describe the sections of the abdominal cavity
Quadrants
Trunk without the head and limbs
Torso
Give us our recognizable human form
Skeleton
Skeletal system is divided into two main portion
Axial and appendicular skeleton
Skeletal that forms the arm and legs and the pelvis
Appendicular skeleton
How many bones in the body
206
The axial skeleton runs in a straight line from the head to the
Pelvis
The heart lungs and great vessels are enclosed in the
Thorax
On each side of the cranium, the lateral portion is called the
Temple or temporal region
Between the temporal regions and the occiput lie is the
Parietal region
Forehead is called the
Frontal region
The face has how many bones
14
The upper non movable jawbones are called
Maxillae
The cheek bone is called the
Zygomas
The lower movable portion of the jaw is the
Mandible
The orbit is made of two facial bones
Maxillae and the zygomas
What percentage of the nose is formed by bone
1/3
The spinal column is what supporting structure of the body
Central
The spinal column is made up of how many bones
33
The spinal column is called the
Vertebrae
Vertebrae is divided into how many sections
Five Cervical Thoracic Lumbar Sacrum Coccyx
First seven vertebrae is called the
Cervical
The next 12 vertebrae is called the
Thoracic
The next five vertebrae is called the
Lumbar
How many pair of attached ribs to each thoracic vertebrae
One
Vertebrates are connected together by
ligaments
Between each vertebrae is a cushion called
Intervertebral disk
Midline of the chest is the
Sternum
The sternum has three components: BMX
Body
Manubrium
Xiphoid
The upper part of the sternum
Manubrium
The body comprise the rest of the sternum except for a narrow, cartilaginous tip inferiorly called
Xiphoid process
___________ is where three bones come together allowing the arm to be moved
Shoulder girdle
The three Shoulder girdle bones are
Clavicle, the scapula, and the humerus
Supporting bone of the arm is the
Humerus
T/F
The ulna is larger in the proximal forearm
True
T/F
The radius is larger in the distal forearm
True
How many bones in the wrist called carpal bones
Eight
Another name for scapula
Shoulder blade
The supporting bone of the arm is the
Humerus
What two bones the forearm is compose of
Radius and the ulna
Large bone in the proximal of the forearm
Ulna
Large bone in the distal forearm
Radius
Extending from the carpal bones are five
metacarpals
Fingers are composed of bones called
Phalanges
The three pelvic bones are
Ilium
Ischium
Pubis
What is pubis symphysis
Joining the left and right pubis together
What is Acetabulum
Part of the pelvis where the lower leg connects or where the socket in which the ball of the femur fits
One of the strongest and largest bones in the body (thigh bone)
Femur
Superior end of the femur is a round ball-like structure called
Femoral
The projection on the lateral/superior portion of the femur is called the
Greater trochanter
The projection on the medial/superior portion of the femur is called the
Lesser trochanter
Anterior to the knee is a specialized bone called the
Patella (knee cap)
Larger bone that lies in the anterior of the leg
Tibia (shin bone)
What is the hinge joint that allows flexion and extension of the foot on the leg
Ankle
How many phalanges does it take to form 5 toes
14
How many metatarsal bones does it take to form a foot
Five
What is formed when two long bones come in contact
A joint (articulation)
Some joints have slight limited motion in which the bone ends are held together by fibrous tissue the joint is called
Symphysis
Bone end of a Joint held together by fibrous sac is called
Joint capsule
What joint that is Surrounded by tough, thick ligaments with little motion
Sacroiliac joint
What membrane is in the inner liner of the joint capsule
Synovial membrane
Synovial membrane make a special liquid called
Synovial fluid
What fluid allows bones to glide over each other oppose to grinding
Synovial fluid
What kind of joint is the shoulder joint
Ball and socket joint
What type of joints is the finger joints, elbow and knees
Hinge joints
The skeletal system give the body its shape, create various blood cells, and store what
Calcium
There are more than 600 muscles in the
Musculoskeletal system
What are the two types of musculoskeletal system
Smooth
Cardiac
What type muscles are found in blood vessels and intestines
Smooth
Cardiac muscles are only found where
The heart
Skeletal muscles are also called what type of muscle
Voluntary muscle
What type muscles do the brain controls
Voluntary muscles
What is the three headed muscle of the arm
Triceps
Bending of a joint is called the
Flexion
Straightening of the joint is called
Extension
What system control the process of breathing in the body
Respiratory system
Larynx is also called the
Voice box
