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mycology > medically important yeast > Flashcards

medically important yeast Flashcards

1
Q

characteristic of yeast

A

SIMPLE in sporulation and nutritional
ID: sugar assimilation
look for blastospores or produce pseudohyphae

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2
Q

what is yeast plated on for enhancement of sporulation

A

corn meal agar or potato dextrose

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3
Q

how does yeast look on plate

A

creamy, whitish colonies
some are wrinkled and dry

can ID yeast on wet mount

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4
Q

yeast and flora

A

can be normal flora

but can be pathogenic in immunocompromised host

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5
Q

most common yeast

A

candida albicans

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6
Q

Candida albicans infection

A

in oral, vaginal, wound, urinary

can cause thrush- oral infection after antibiotics or chemo- can be systemic

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7
Q

candida albicans is what +

A

germ tube +; outgrowth of organism in pooled human serum

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8
Q

Candida albicans growth

A

mycosel or SABs
production of blastospores, pseudohyphae and chlamydospores

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9
Q

what sugar does Candida albicans assimilate

A

many sugars but MAIN
trehalose

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10
Q

C. dubliniensis is germ tube + but how to differentiate between albicans

A

does not assimilate trahalose

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11
Q

C. tropicalis

A

-UTIs
immunocompromised
virulent in leukemia

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12
Q

C. tropicalis growth

A

produced blastospores either singly or short groups

DOES NOT GROW ON cycloheximide agar (mycosel)

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13
Q

candida kefyr

A

pseudotropicalis

blastospores- logs in a stream

ID on corn meal and seeing blastospores

nail or pulmonary infections

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14
Q

second most candida species to cause infection

A

C. glabrata

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15
Q

C. glabrata main differentiating characteristics

A

ONLY assimilates trehalose and glucose

does not produce pseudohyphae

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16
Q

C. glabrata infection

A

can be systemic and get into blood stream so infections can be aggressive

beginning to show resistance to fungal drugs

17
Q

yeast interest in hospitals

A

candida auris

-spread easily from personnel to patients
-reportable due to high resistance

18
Q

C. auris why serious

A

in some cases resistant to all anti-fungal

serious when isolated in the bloodstream

“superbug”

BIG BLASTOSPORES

19
Q

yeast contaminate around house

A

rhodotorula

-sinks, bathroom

20
Q

rhodotorula infection

A

-orange/salmon color
-contaminant normally

-ONLY isolated from very sick patients -end stage carcinoma or leukemia

-no pseduohyphae

21
Q

baker’s yeast

A

saccharomyces cerevisiae

22
Q

saccharomyces cerevisiae reproduction

A

both sexual and asexual stage and can convert by placing on V8 juice with SABs

rarely source of infection, but increase in HIV pt

23
Q

seen on tomatoes and other fruit

A

geotrichum

machinery mold

associated with lung infections

24
Q

important info about geotrichum

A

grows best at 30 not 37

produces arthrospores that do break apart as gets older

dryish wrinkled colony growing on corn meal

25
Q

common form of yeast meningitis in AIDs patients

A

cryptococcus neoformans

-invade any tissue

26
Q

what harbours Cryptococcus neoforms

A

pigeons and trees

not contagious person to person

from nature

brownish colonies on bird seed agar

27
Q

Cryptococcus neoforms important

A

round yeast- india ink

form a capsule which makes it virulent

urea +

DOES NOT grow on mycosel
-plate CSF on SABs or other nutrient agar

28
Q

known to cause cutaneous skin infection

A

trichosporum beigelli

infection known as white piedra

not common in US

29
Q

infection of trichosporum beigelli

A

superficial infection of hair and can see white nodules along hair shaft

30
Q

how to differentiate between trichosporum beigelli and geotrichum

A

trichosporum beigelli produced arthrospores and blastospores with pseudohyphae

geotrichum- no blastospores

31
Q

yeast that causes pityriasis versicolor

A

Malessezia furfur-normal skin flora

discoloration of the skin

can be dark or light patches on skin

32
Q

Important about Malessezia furfur

A

causative agent of sepsis in people receiving prolonged intravenous lipid therapy

requires long fatty acids for growth so MUST overlay agar with layer of olive oil

spaghetti meatball appearance

mycology (7 decks)

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