Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

mycology > dimorphics > Flashcards

dimorphics Flashcards

1
Q

what kind of hyphae do dimorphic have

A

septate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

why is it called dimorphic?

A

two forms; yeast and mold

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what temp do dimorphics grow best at

A

30 degrees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

infective and dignostic form of dimorphic

A

infective= mold
diagnostic= yeast seen in tissue

can be invasive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

in order to truely ID something as dimorphic need to

A

get the colony to convert to both forms

-due to pathogenicity don’t often do this in the lab

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

how are dimorphics diagnosed?

A

serological by their exoantigens

-several techniques to determine presence of antigen and/or antibody

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

known as north american blastomycosis or Gilchrist disease

A

blastomyces dermatitidis

-found in Mississippi river valley region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

natural habitat of Blastomyces dermatitidis

A

warm moist soil so breathe in spores

most affected organ= lungs; but also bones and soft tissues

rare transmission person to person

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what can Blastomyces dermatitidis be misdiagnosed as

A

MRSA because lesions on immunocompromised hosts are filled with pus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

yeast form of Blastomyces dermatitidis

A

appear prickly before typical yeastlike colonies are seen

microscopically have “broad base” neck; thick walled cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what media does Blastomyces dermatitidis need to grow a good yeast form

A

cottonseed agar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

mold form Blastomyces dermatitidis

A

slow growing starts white to gray mold

has fuzzy look

septate hyphae
-long conidiospores with single conidia at the top of conidiospores (balloon on a string)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

common cause of systemic fungal disease

A

Histoplasma capsulatum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what disease does Histoplasma capsulatum cause

A

Spelunker disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is spelunkers disease

A

spores normally inhaled and than travel through the body (bird or bat droppings)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what disease rarely causes a cavitary form of lung disease and may resemble TB on an x-ray

A

Histoplasma capsulatum

1% of cases become systemic and involves RES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

where is the best place to view Histoplasma capsulatum

A

buffy coat

  • will see yeast staining with Giemsa or wright stain
18
Q

why is history important for Histoplasma capsulatum

A

if they visited a cave

-infects many organs including gross skin rashes

19
Q

yeast form of Histoplasma capsulatum

A

difficult to grow - unless you use media with blood
-yeast can be found in WBCs as crescent shaped

LOOK in buffy coat

20
Q

Mold form of Histoplasma capsulatum

A

-macroconidia called tuberculate erechinulate
-no microconidia
conidia are chlamydospores

SPIKEY looks like COVID-19

21
Q

what disease is called south america blasto

A

Paracoccidioides brasiliensis

endemic in south america
-most common systemic fungal infection

22
Q

main way to contract Paracoccidioides brasiliensis

A

eating contaminated raw leaves/ bark infected with fungus

23
Q

physical sign you have Paracoccidioides brasiliensis

A

granulomas along cheek, tongue, jaw, and gum areas

-may cause painful ulcers in oral region

-think gum

victim will swallow spores so result in intestinal disease

24
Q

yeast form of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis

A

multiple budding known as “mariners wheel” or “captain’s ship”

-this form easier ID

25
Q

mold form of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis

A

sterile hyphae with occasional chlamydospores

26
Q

where is Coccidiodes immitis/ posadasii
endemic

A

southwest parts of US in semi-arid, dry areas

spores found in soil and become aerosolized (think dry dust )

in some parts people will test 80% skin + for coccidiodes

27
Q

what disease is called river valley fever, san joaquin valley fever, or san joaquin river valley fever

A

Coccidiodes immitis/ posadasii

28
Q

what does mold produce in Coccidiodes immitis/ posadasii

A

arthrospores; easily disseminated the older they get so easily airborne

-for this reason must work up coccidiodes with class 3 hood, gown and gloves

-some lab workers get when working with this

29
Q

how are humans in fected with Coccidiodes immitis/ posadasii

A

inhale disseminated spores

infections result in mild respiratory type illness; self limiting

also allergic reaction to spores which purpose “red desert bumps”

in some cases pneumonia

30
Q

in vivo, human lungs do not typically produce yeast cells; instead will see

A

spherules filled with endospores that will spill out when spherules are broken

endospores will go and infect other tissue

seen in Coccidiodes immitis/ posadasii

31
Q

mold form Coccidiodes immitis/ posadasii

A

white cottony mycelium; grow arthrospores

when staining LPCB will see appearance of arthrospores along with “ghost cell” between arthrospores

32
Q

known as florist’s or gardner’s disease

A

Sporothrix schenkii

-found in soil and dead vegetation

33
Q

how is Sporothrix schenkii
transmitted

A

rose thorns, wood chips, moss

NOT inhaled; transmitted via splinters

34
Q

what will you see at site of infection of Sporothrix schenkii

A

purplish, non-healing ulcer that develops about 1-2 weeks after initial contact

organism will travel along lymph nodes forming ulcers

confined to skin

35
Q

yeast form of Sporothrix schenkii

A

starts looking like any other yeast, but as gets older will turn black and dematiaceous organism

yeast cells look cigar shaped

36
Q

mold form of Sporothrix schenckii

A

thin, delicate septate hyphae

long conidiospores with rosette or bouquet type conidia coming of conidiospores

fairly easy to convert from yeast to mold

37
Q

most common in INDIA

A

Talaromyces (penicillium) marneffei

38
Q

Talaromyces (penicillium) marneffei infection

A

very disseminating in immunocompromised patients

-isolated from blood, bone marrow

not considered a contaminant like other penicillium

39
Q

unique features Talaromyces (penicillium) marneffei

A

dimorphic

does not grow on cycloheximide

prominent red color in mold stage- best with PDA

40
Q

mold stage Talaromyces (penicillium) marneffei

A

skeleton hands

-red color

mycology (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions