Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

NAPLEX 2020 > Medical Terms & Drugs that Cause them > Flashcards

Medical Terms & Drugs that Cause them Flashcards

1
Q

Angioedema can be caused by which drug classes? (3)

A
  1. ACEIs
  2. ARBS
  3. Monoclonal antibodies (MABs)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which medication is contraindicated in anorexia nervosa?

A

BUPROPRION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What drug toxicity can cause anorexia (acutely), or loss of appetite due to nausea/not able to stomach food.

A

DIGOXIN Toxicity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Anorgasmia can be due to which drug classes that cause other sexual side effects including DECREASED libido (sexual desire)

A

SSRIs & SNRIs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Arthralgia can be caused by which medications?(6)

A
  1. erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) = erythropoietin
  2. colony stimulating factors (CFSs) = filgrastim
  3. aromatase inhibitors (AIs)
  4. quinupristin/dalfopristin (Synercid)
  5. Parathyroid hormone = teriparatide
  6. Statins
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What serious but uncommon adverse reaction can be due to a drug like rifaximin?

A

Ascites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What side affect can be due to antipsychotics like aripiprazole?

A

Akathisia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Dyskinesia can be due to what medications? (2)

A
  1. levodopa

2. dopamine agonists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Tardive dyskinesia is caused by what blockade?

A

Dopamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which antipsychotics are NOT associated with Tardive dyskinesia? (2)

A
  1. quetiapine

2. clozapine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Tardive dyskinesia is due to what medications? (2)

A
  1. antipsychotics

2. metoclopramide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What drugs can cause alopecia? (3)

A
  1. Valproate
  2. Methotrexate
  3. Chemotherapy Drugs (Taxanes)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Amenorrhea can be due to which medications? (3)

A
  1. spironolactone
  2. Risperidone (increases prolactin)
  3. paliperidone (increases prolactin)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which drugs are high-risk for anaphylaxis? (8)

A
  1. penicillin
  2. carbapenems
  3. omalizumab
  4. MABs
  5. Injectable Iron (iron dextran)
  6. pegloticase
  7. rasburicase
  8. IV phytonadione
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Alcohol, Benzodiazepines, Barbiturates, and Phenytoin and Lithium toxicity can cause?

A

Ataxia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Cataracts can be due to what? (3)

A
  1. sunlight exposure
  2. CHRONIC use of systemic steroids
  3. CHRONIC use of steroid eye drops (Pred Forte)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What polyvalent metallic cations do Quinolones & Tetracyclines chelate with and DECREASE their efficacy?

A

Fe, Al, Mg, Ca

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What happens to chelated complexes?

A

They are NOT absorbed = excreted in FECES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What drug causes Cholelithiasis in Neonates?

A

CEFTRIAXONE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Cholelithiasis can be due to what therapies? (5)

A
  1. Parenteral nutrition
  2. ezetimibe
  3. fibrates
  4. orlistat
  5. octreotide
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What therapy can cause Cholestasis? (1)

A
  1. Parenteral nutrition
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What conditions can cause cholestasis? (4)

A
  1. Pregnancy
  2. Liver disease
  3. Cancer
  4. Bile Duct Tumors
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What drug causes Cinchonism?

A

Quinine or quinidine (cinchona alkaloid)

OVERDOSE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What drugs can cause crystalluria? (3)

A
  1. Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim
  2. Sulfasalazine
  3. Quinolones
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What drugs are associated with hemorrhagic cystitis?(2)

A
  1. Ifosfamide

2. cyclophosphamide (high-doses)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What should Ifosfamide always be given with to reduce the risk of hemorrhagic cystitis?

A

MESNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Common drugs that should be kept in the original container with the desiccant include? (11)

A
  1. Pradaxa
  2. Effient
  3. Nitrostat
  4. Cresemba
  5. Sofosbuvir (Sovaldi)
  6. Sofosbuvir-combo products (Epclusa, Harvoni, Vosevi)
  7. Tenofovir alafenamide (Vemlidy)
  8. Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (Viread)
  9. Tenofovir-combo products (Atripla, Biktarcy, Complera, Descovy, Genvoya, Odefsey, Stribild, Symtuza, Truvada, Symfi)
  10. raltegravir (Isentress)
  11. elvitegravir & elvitegravir-combo products (Genvoya, Stibild)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Dysentery due to Shigella infection is treated with which antibiotic?

A

AZITHROMYCIN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What can cause dysgeusia or metallic taste in the mouth? (7)

A
  1. Metronidazole
  2. metallic ions (antacids, potassium iodide, zinc lozenges)
  3. nasal antihistamines (olopatadine)
  4. telavancin
  5. phenytoin
  6. macrolides
  7. loxapine in the Adasuve powder formulation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Fish oil (Lovaza) is associated with type of dysgeusia?

A

Fishy taste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Tenofovir powder has what type of dysgeusia?

A

Bitter Taste

32
Q

Hyperthyroid drugs methimazole and propylthiouracil can cause what?

A

LOSS of taste

33
Q

Oral steroid inhalers can cause?

34
Q

Dystonia/Dystonic reactions can be due to what drugs?

A
  1. antipsychotics (dopamine-blockade)

2. levodopa

35
Q

What is used for prophylaxis and treatment of Dystonias?

A

Centrally-acting anticholinergics (benztropine, trihexyphenidyl)

36
Q

What is the drug-of-choice to reduce pain and bleeding associated with Endometriosis?

A

Combination oral contraceptives (COCs, which contain estrogen and progestin)

37
Q

What is second line therapy after behavioral therapy for enuresis?

A

DESMOPRESSIN (oral)

38
Q

Epistaxis (nosebleed) can be due to what therapy? (2)

A
  1. anticoagulants (most common)

2. antiplatelets (some risk)

39
Q

Eructation (burping) is common with which medications? (2)

A
  1. Fish oil

2. Mesalamine (oral)

40
Q

What drug class can cause euphoria?

41
Q

What can cause mild euphoria?

A

pregabalin

42
Q

What drugs can INCREASE prolactin and cause galactorrhea? (2)

A
  1. risperidone

2. paliperidone

43
Q

Gastritis can be due to what drugs? (2)

A
  1. NSAIDS

2. Dabigatran

44
Q

Gingival bleeding can be caused by what drug class?

A
  1. anticoagulants (warfarin)

2. other drugs with bleeding risk (less commonly)

45
Q

What drugs are known to cause gingival hyperplasia? (3)

A
  1. phenytoin
  2. verapamil
  3. calcium channel blockers (CCBs)
46
Q

Gynecomastia is commonly due to what drugs? (6)

A
  1. Spironolactone
  2. estrogen
  3. testosterone
  4. GnRH agonists
  5. antiandrogens
  6. Drugs that INCREASE prolactin (risperidone, paliperidone)
47
Q

Clopidogrel, Heparin and Vitamin K (IM) can all cause what?

48
Q

Should Vitamin K be given IM? yes/no

A

NO, do not give IM can cause hematoma

49
Q

What agents have a risk for causing hematoma (and subsequent paralysis if given with epidural/spinal neuraxial anesthesia or spinal puncture? (4)

A
  1. Low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs)
  2. fondaparinux
  3. oral direct factor Xa inhibitors
  4. Some oral/injectable direct thrombin inhibitors

Caution: anesthesia is used for surgical procedures

50
Q

What can cause hyperbilirubin in NEONATES?

A

CEFTRIAXONE

<30 days old

51
Q

Hyperbilirubin can be due to the use of these drugs? (3)

A
  1. quinupristin/dalfopristin (Synercid)
  2. rasburicase (Elitek)
  3. several older HIV drugs
52
Q

If a patient has a history of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) what drug class is contraindicated?

A

Fibrinolytics (alteplase, tenecteplase)

53
Q

Intraarticular steroid injections are an option to treat what?

A

Acute GOUT

54
Q

What chemotherapy drug can cause fatality if given by intrathecal injection?

A

Vincristine

55
Q

What drugs are used to treat menorrhagia? (3)

A
  1. Natazia (estrogen-progestin oral contraceptive)
  2. Mirena (levonorgestrel-releasing IUD)
  3. Lysteda (oral form of tranexamic acid)
56
Q

Myalgias can be due to which drugs? (2)

A
  1. Statins

2. quinupristin/dalfopristin (Synercid)

57
Q

Chemotherapy drugs cause Low WBC, RBC and Platelets also known as?

A

Myelosuppression

58
Q

Nystagmus is a sign of what toxicity?

A

phenytoin toxicity

59
Q

What is the primary cause of Oligohidrosis in children? (2)

A

Use of AEDs:
Topiramate
Zonisamide

60
Q

What drug classes are often referenced in regards to Pre-prandial medication administration? (4)

A
  1. regular insulin
  2. rapid-acting insulin
  3. meglitinides
  4. alpha-glucoside inhibitors
61
Q

Priapism can be due to what agents? (6)

A
  1. Phosphodiesterase-5-inhibitors (sildenafil)
  2. alprostadil
  3. trazadone
  4. alpha-1-blockers
  5. levodopa
  6. atomoxetine
62
Q

Which BPH drug can cause Retrograde ejaculation?

63
Q

What is the drug class that causes “lead-pipe” rigidity indicative of NMS?

A

Antipsychotics

64
Q

What is used to treat scabies? (2)

A

Treated topically:
1. Permethrin (OTC/RX)
Systemically:
2. Ivermectin (RX)

65
Q

Somnambulism (sleep walking) can be due which medications? (2)

A
  1. Chantix (varenicline)

2. non-benzodiazepines (Zolpidem)

66
Q

Somnolence is a common side effect of many drug class like? (16)

A
  1. CNS depressants
  2. dopamine agonists (Ropinirole)
  3. AEDs
  4. benzodiazepines
  5. barbiturates
  6. opioids
  7. muscle relaxant (carisoprodol)
  8. flibanserin (Addyi)
  9. THC-derived or synthetic drugs (dronabinol)
  10. sedating antihistamines (diphenhydramine)
  11. centrally-acting anticholinergics (benztropine)
  12. clonidine
  13. guanfacine
  14. antipsychotics (ALL 1st generation, MOST 2nd generation)
  15. Benzonatate (Tessalon perles)
  16. hypnotics (zolpidem) = intentionally (wanted effect)
67
Q

If a patient experiences SJS/TEN from drug will it be contraindicated in that patient? Y/N

68
Q

What product can cause stomatitis if held in the mouth?

A

pancreatic enzyme products (PEPs)

69
Q

This product is known for causing stomatitis with mucositis?

A

Methotrexate

70
Q

Striae or stretch marks can be caused by chronic use of both oral and topical formulations of which drug class?

71
Q

What therapies when used together are good examples of synergistic benefits obtained from dual therapy? (2)

A
  1. opioids + non-opioids (acetaminophen + hydrocodone)

2. aminoglycosides + beta-lactams

72
Q

Tachyphylaxis can occur with which medication classes? (3)

A
  1. Nitrates (not with Bidil)
  2. H2 blockers
  3. Neuromuscular blockers
73
Q

Which medication requires a 10-12 hour free period due to decreased response to the effect of the drug (tachyphylaxis) with repeat use?

74
Q

HIT ( Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia) can be diagnosed by?

A
  1. GREATER than 50% DECREASE in platelets from baseline (that is NOT due to an acute blood loss)
75
Q

Which medication can cause TTP?

A

Clopidogrel (anti-platelet)

76
Q

Inhaled oral steroids can cause thrush, how can this be avoided?

A

By rinsing the oral steroid off the oral cavity (RINSE AND SPIT)

77
Q

Tinnitus can be a symptoms of ototoxicity caused by which agents? (7)

A
  1. Salicylate toxicity
  2. aminoglycosides
  3. Vancomycin
  4. IV loop diuretics
  5. Cisplatin
  6. Mefloquine( with other neurotoxicity)
  7. phosphodiesterase-5-inhibitors (with hearing loss)

NAPLEX 2020 (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions