Common Prodrugs & Their active metabolites Flashcards
Codeine
Prodrug
Morphine
Active metabolite
Clopidogrel
Prodrug
(Active metabolite)
Lisdexamfetamine
Prodrug
Dextroamphetamine
Active metabolite
Primidone
Prodrug
Phenobarbital
Active metabolite
Capecitabine
Prodrug
Fluorouracil
Active metabolite
Fosaprepitant
Prodrug
Aprepitant
Active metabolite
Fosphenytoin
Prodrug
Phenytoin
Active metabolite
Enalapril
Prodrug
Enalaprilat
Active metabolite
Tramadol
Prodrug
(Active metabolite)
Valacyclovir
Prodrug
Acyclovir
Active metabolite
Valganciclovir
Prodrug
Ganciclovir
Active metabolite
Calcifediol
Prodrug
Calcitriol
Active metabolite
Colisimethate
Prodrug
Colistin
Active metabolite
Isavuconazonium Sulfate
Prodrug
Isavuconazole
Active metabolite
Famiciclovir
Prodrug
Penciclovir
Active metabolite
Fosamprenavir
Prodrug
Amprenavir
Active metabolite
Cortisone
Prodrug
Cortisol
Active metabolite
Predisone
Prodrug
Prednisolone
Active metabolite
Leflunomide
Prodrug
Teriflunomide
Active metabolite
Levodopa
Prodrug
Dopamine
Active metabolite
Codeine, by itself, and in combo products, such as Tylenol #3
What is the safety Consideration?
- Risk of toxicity with UMs of CYP2D6;
- higher conversion to morphine
* *DO NOT USE codeine with UMs of CYP2D6 - Risk of poor analgesia with PMs of CYP2D6
- Use an alternative analgesic in patients identified as PMs of 2D6
Clopidogrel (Plavix)
What is the safety consideration?
- Risk with CYP2C19 inhibitors, which may block conversion to active form:
* *DO NOT USE with 2C19 inhibitors, including:
- OMEPRAZOLE
- ESOMEPROZOLE - Risk with PMs of CYP2C19; low conversion to active form, with reduced effect drug on platelet activity
- Use alternative P2Y12 inhibitor in patients identified as PMs of 2C19
