Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Medical Terminology Chapter 1 & 2 > Medical Terminoogy Chapter 6: Digestive System > Flashcards

Medical Terminoogy Chapter 6: Digestive System Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

what is the structure of the digestive system?

A

oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestines, large intestines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are the accessory organs of the digestive system?

A

liver, gallbladder, pancreas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the function of the digestive system?

A

breaks down food; prepares food for absorption and eliminates waste substances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the oral cavity and what is its function?

A

first part of the digestive system and where the mechanical chewing happens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

name the three parts of the small and describe their location?

A

duodenum, first segment; jejunum, second segment; ileum, third segment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

name the first four sections of the colon?

A

ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

describe the shape, location and function of the pancreas?

A

long, flattened organ; inferior to the stomach; produces digestive enzymes and insulin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

describe the location and main function of the gallbladder?

A

inferior surface of the liver; stores the bile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

combining form for gums

A

gingiv/o

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

discharge or flow through:

A

diarrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

without an appetite:

A

anorexia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

swallowing, eating (that is) painful or difficult

A

dysphagia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

after a meal:

A

post/prandial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

pertaining to under or below the tongue:

A

sub/lingu/al

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

visual examination within or in (an organ):

A

endoscopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Postprandial hyperglycemia :

A

An exaggerated rise in blood sugar following a meal.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

vomiting blood:

A

hemat/emesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Tumor of the pancreas:

A

pancreat/oma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

instrument for examining the stomach:

A

gastroscope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

enlargement of the liver:

A

hepatomegaly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

disease of the intestine (usually the small intestine):

A

enteropathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

inflammation of the gums:

A

gingivitis

23
Q

appendicitis:

A

inflammation of the appendix

24
Q

appendicitis treatment?

A

appendectomy; surgery within 48 hours to avoid fecal matter released into peritoneal cavity

25
Q

Mr. R., a smoker and heavy drinker, complains of dysphagia for the past 4 months. After various tests, he is diagnosed with cancer of the

A

esophagus

26
Q

The physician informs Ms. J. that her appendicitis may be the result of an obstruction or infection caused by a hard mass of fecal matter. This type of mass is diagnosed as a

A

fecalith

27
Q

diverticulitis:

A

acute inflammation of diverticulae

28
Q

Ms. O.’s radiograph shows pouchlike herniations through the muscular layer of her colon. These small, blisterlike pockets are diagnosed as

A

diverticulae

29
Q

The nurse charts Mr. J.’s complaint of extreme constipation as

A

obstipation

30
Q

Cholelithiasis and choledocholithiasis

A

Formation or presence of gallstones within the gallbladder or bile ducts

31
Q

surgical treatment for Cholelithiasis

A

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy; minimal invasive procedure

32
Q

surgical treatment choledocholithiasis

A

Choledocholithotomy; incision into the common bile duct to remove the stones

33
Q

acute onset of URQ abdominal pain that radiates to the shoulder and back, and she complains of nausea and vomiting. The physician suspects gallstone formation in the gallbladder and orders several diagnostic tests to confirm his evaluation.

A

cholecystolithiasis

34
Q

Mr. F. is scheduled for ultrasound treatment to pulverize his gallstones. This nonsurgical procedure, abbreviated ESWL, is called

A

extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy.

35
Q

anastomosis

A

connection between two vessels; surgical joining of two ducts, blood vessels, or bowel segments to allow flow from one to the other

36
Q

ascites:

A

abnormal accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity

37
Q

borborygmus:

A

audible abdominal sound caused by passage of gas through the liquid contents of the intestine

38
Q

cachexia

A

: state of ill-health, malnutrition, and wasting that may occur in many chronic diseases, malignancies, and infections

39
Q

dysentery

A

diarrhea containing blood and mucus, resulting from inflammation of the walls of the gastrointestinal tract, especially the colon

40
Q

volvulus

A

twisting of the bowel on itself, causing obstruction

41
Q

Bariatric surgery:

A

Surgical alteration of the stomach as a treatment for morbid obesity

42
Q

Colostomy:

A

Excision of a diseased part of the colon and creation of a new opening in the abdominal wall, where fecal flow is diverted to a colostomy bag

43
Q

Polypectomy:

A

Excision of small, tumorlike, benign growths (polyps) that project from a mucous membrane surface

44
Q

to treat morbid obesity in which he staples the upper stomach near the esophagus to reduce it to a small pouch and inserts a band to restrict food consumption. This bariatric procedure is known as vertical

A

banded gastroplasty

45
Q

Endoscopy:

A

Visual examination of the interior of organs and cavities with a specialized lighted instrument called an endoscope

46
Q

Colonoscopy:

A

Examination of the entire length of the colon

47
Q

Barium enema:

A

X-ray of rectum and colon following administration of barium sulfate into the rectum

48
Q

Barium swallow:

A

X-ray of esophagus, stomach, and small intestine following oral administration of barium sulfate

49
Q

Ultrasonography (US):

A

High-frequency sound waves (ultrasound) directed at soft tissue to produce an image on a monitor of internal body structures

50
Q

Instrument for examining the rectum and sigmoid colon

A

proct/o/sigmoid/o/scope

51
Q

Process of recording (x-ray) a bile vessel:

A

cholangi/o/graphy or chol/angi/o/graphy

52
Q

The prescribed medication, which controls nausea and vomiting by blocking nerve impulses to the vomiting center of the brain, is called an

A

antiemetic

53
Q

The physician instructs her to increase her fluid intake and prescribes a drug that will control her loose bowel movements. The drug is known as an

A

antidiarrheal

54
Q

A patient diagnosed with excessive stomach acid is treated with an

A

antacid

Medical Terminology Chapter 1 & 2 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions