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Medical Terminology Chapter 1 & 2 > Chapter 10: Musculoskeletal System > Flashcards

Chapter 10: Musculoskeletal System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

articulation

A

joint; place of union between two or more bones

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2
Q

hematopoiesis

A

production of blood; performed by bone marrow

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3
Q

ligaments

A

connective tissue that connects bone to bone

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4
Q

tendons

A

connective tissue binds muscle to bone; muscle contracts by the tendon, the bone joint provides movement

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5
Q

skeletal muscle

A

attached to bones and provide movement; VOLUNTARY

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6
Q

smooth muscle

A

assists in internal processes like digestion, circulation, and urination; INVOLUNTARY

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7
Q

cardiac muscle

A

only in the heart wall; INVOLUNTARY

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8
Q

bones are held together by?

A

ligaments

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9
Q

bones store?

A

calcium and other minerals

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10
Q

diaphysis

A

long main portion of the bone; “shaft”

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11
Q

distal and proximal epiphysis

A

two ends of the bone

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12
Q

what are the three types of muscles ?

A

skeletal, smooth, cardiac

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13
Q

smooth muscle voluntary or involuntary?

A

involuntary

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14
Q

what are the four types of bones?

A

short, long, flat, irregular

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15
Q

All combining forms end in what letter?

A

o except for pelvis it can end in I or o

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16
Q

inflammation of ribs and cartilage

A

cost/o/chondr/itis

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17
Q

act of measuring the pelvis

A

pelv/I/metry

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18
Q

malignant tumor of connective tissue and muscle

A

my/o/sarcoma

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19
Q

cell that breaks down bone

A

oste/o/clast

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20
Q

inflammation around the bone

A

peri/oste/itis

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21
Q

pertaining to under or below the ribs

A

sub/cost/al

22
Q

pertaining to the sternum (breastbone) and ribs

A

stem/o/cost/al

23
Q

pain in the calcaneum (heel bone)

A

calcane/o/dynia

24
Q

porous bone

A

osteo/o/porosis

25
Q

tumor composed of muscle

A

my/oma

26
Q

binding, fixation, of a bone or joint

A

arthr/o/desis

27
Q

rupture of muscle

A

my/o/rrhexis

28
Q

abnormal condition of being stiff, bent, or crooked

A

ankyl/osis

29
Q

weakness or debility of muscle

A

my/asthenia

30
Q

softening of cartilage

A

chondr/o/malacia

31
Q

visual examination of a joint

A

arthr/o/scopy

32
Q

Bunion (hallux valgus)

A

deviation of the great toe; caused by ill-fitting shoes

33
Q

bunion sign/symptoms

A

red, swollen, and tender

34
Q

bunion treatment

A

nonsurgical: wide toe shoes, shoe inserts
surgical: bunionectomy; remove tissue realign the bone

35
Q

Ganglion Cyst

A

fluid like sac arising from joint capsules or tendons

36
Q

ganglion cyst common sites:

A

wrist, hand, or foot

37
Q

ganglion cyst sign/symptoms

A

bone spur OSTEOPHYTE common in cysts at the far joint of the finger

38
Q

treatment which drains the fluid from the ganglion is known as

A

aspiration

39
Q

what are the different fracture types

A

closed (simple); open (compound); complicated; comminuted; impacted; incomplete; greenstick; colles

40
Q

closed simple fracture

A

break w no external skin wound

41
Q

open compound fracture

A

broke w external wound, where bone can be visible

42
Q

complicated fracture

A

broken bone injuries an internal organ

43
Q

comminuted fracture

A

bone broken or splintered into pieces

44
Q

impacted fracture

A

end of bone wedged into the interior of another bone

45
Q

incomplete fracture

A

fracture line does not include the whole bone

46
Q

greenstick fracture

A

break in which bone is partially bent or split

47
Q

colle fracture

A

break in lower end of radius

48
Q

fracture signs/symptoms

A

pain, swelling and bruising

49
Q

fracture treatment

A

closed reduction, open reduction, possibly no treatment as with rib fractures

50
Q

closed reduction

A

manipulating the bones through the skin, followed by immobilization or fixation using casts, slings and taping

51
Q

open reduction

A

realignment through surgical opening; using wire, plates, rods, screws and pins

Medical Terminology Chapter 1 & 2 (8 decks)

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