Medical Terminology Chapter 1 & 2 Flashcards
is the foundation of a medical term and contains it primary meaning
Word Root
is created when a word root is combined with a vowel
Combining Form
a word element placed at the end of a word that alters its meaning
Suffix
a word element attached to the beginning of a word or word root
Prefix
the word root in medical terms are in what two languages?
Latin or Greek
what is the vowel known as the combining vowel?
o
what does the suffix describe?
a pathology (disease or abnormality), symptom, surgical or diagnostic procedure or part of speech
what do prefixes indicate ?
a number, time, position, direction or negation
how should you define medical terms?
last thing first, first thing second, middle at the end
ITIS
inflammation
MEGALY
enlargement
OMA
tumor
CYTE
cell
HYPER
above normal, excessive
What are the four types of suffixes?
surgical
diagnostic, pathological, and related
grammatical and diminutive
singular and plural
Surgical suffixes describe what ?
a type of invasive procedure performed on a body part
ECTOMY
excision removal (surgical suffix)
CENTESIS
surgical puncture (surgical suffix)
TRIPSY
crushing (surgical suffix)
LYSIS
separation; destruction; loosening (surgical suffix)
CLASIS
to break; surgical fracture (surgical suffix)
PEXY
fixation of an organ (surgical suffix)
RRHAPHY
suture (surgical suffix)
PLASTY
surgical repair (surgical suffix)
STOMY
forming an opening (surgical suffix)
DESIS
binding; fixation of a bone or joint (surgical suffix)
TOME
INSTRUMENT to cut with
OSTEOTOME
instrument to cut bone
TOMY
incision (surgical suffix)
TRACHEOOMY
incision of the trachea
what are Diagnostic Suffixes?
denote a procedure or test performed to identify the cause and nature of an illness
scope —> endoscope
instrument for examining
scopy—-> endoscopy
visual examination
graph—-> electrocardiograph
instrument for recording
graphy—-> electrocardography
process of recording
meter—> spirometer
instrument of measuring
metry—> spirometry
act of measuring
gram—> electrocardiogram
record, writing
what are pathological suffixes?
describe an abnormal condition or disease
ALGIA, dynia
pain (pathological suffixes)
GEN/GENESIS
forming, producing, origin, creation (pathological suffix)
EMESIS
vomiting (pathological suffixes)
EDEMA
swelling (pathological suffix)
CELE
HERNIA or swelling (pathological suffix)
OSIS
abnormal condition increase (use primarily with blood cells) (pathological suffix)
SPASM
involuntary twitching (pathological suffix)
STENOSIS
narrowing, stricture (pathological suffix)
RRHEA
discharge, flow (pathological suffix)
PATHY
disease (pathological suffix)
RRHEXIS
rupture (pathological structure)
PLEGIA
paralysis
ECTASIS
dilation, expansion
EMIA
blood condition
LEUK
white
thrombus is the singular form what is it in the plural form?
thrombi
ovum is the singular form what is the plural form?
ova
fungus is the singular form what is the plural form?
fungi
diagnosis is the singular form what is the plural form?
diagnoses
HEPAT
liver
TONSIL
tonsils
GASTR
stomach
LARYNG
larynx
NEPHR
kidney
ECTOMY
surgical removal
OSIS
process, condition, pathological state
PRENATAL
period before birth
POSTNATAL
period after birth
INTRA
within
HYPER
excessive, above normal
POLY
much or many
PRE
before
AN
not, without
how do you define a medical term?
last thing first, first thing second, middle at the end
crushing of a stone: lith/o/________
tripsy
forming a new opening in the colon: colon/o/_______
stomy
excision, removal of the appendix: _________/________
appendectomy
does the suffix begin with a vowel? (A, E, I, O, U)
yes: use a word root ex: gastr/itis
no: use a combining form ex: gastr/o/megaly
disease of the joint(s): arthr/_/____
arthr/o/pathy
instrument to examine a joint: ____/o/_____
arthr/o/scope
inflammation of the stomach: ______/________
gastritis
surgical puncture of the joint: _______/o/_______
arthr/o/centesis
suture of muscles: my/o/_____
my/o/rrhaphy
binding, fixation (of a joint): arthr/o/______
arthr/o/desis
forming an opening into the trachea: ______/o/_____
trache/o/stomy
instrument for recording the heart: cardi/o/_____
cardi/o/graph
record of electrical activity of the heart: electr/o/cardi/_/____
electr/o/cardi/o/gram
pain of a nerve: _______/________
neur/algia
forming, producing, origin of cancer: carcin/_/______
carcin/o/gen or carcin/o/genesis
softening of bone: oste/o/________
oste/o/malacia
abnormal condition of stones: _______/________
lith/iasis
hernia, swelling of the liver: hepat/o/______
hepat/o/cele
swelling of a lymph gland: lymph/______
lymph/edema
tumor composed of lymph tissue: lymph/____
lymph/oma
bursting forth of blood: hem/o/____
hem/o/rrhage
