Medical Terminology: Chapter 5 Skin Flashcards
what are the accessory organs?
hair, nails, sweat and oil glands
what makes up the integumentary system:
accessory organs and skin
nerve fibers:
beneath the skins surface provides sensations of temperature
what are the two layers of the skin?
epidermis and dermis
what are the functions of the subcutaneous layer of tissue?
binds the dermis to underlying structures; regulates temp; stores fat and cushions/is\insulates the body
in the basal layer what cells protect the skin from the damaging effects of the sun?
melanocytes
which accessory organs produce oils?
sebaceous gland
list the sensations provided by the skin?
heat, cold, pressure, and touch
skin:
cutane/o; derm/o; dermat/o
sebum, sebaceous:
seb/o
hair:
pil/o; trich/o
sweat:
surd/o; hidr/o
hyperhidrosis:
abnormally excessive sweating that’s not necessarily related to higher temperatures or exercising
blue:
cyan/o
red:
erythema/o; erythemat/o; erythr/o
fungus:
myc/o
black:
melan/o
fat:
adipl/o; lip/o; steat/o
nerve:
neur/o
arteriole:
arteriol/o
dry, scaly:
ichthy/o
ichthyosis:
genetic skin disorder characterized by dry scaling skin that may be thickened or very thin
horny tissue; hard; cornea:
kerat/o
dry:
xer/o; ichthy/o
hardening; sclera:
scler/o
xerosis:
abnormally dry skin
scleroderma:
group of rare diseases that involve the hardening and tightening of the skin and connective tissue
abnormal condition without sweat:
an/hidr/osis
treatment without cold:
cry/o/therapy
resembling the skin:
derm/oid
pertaining to under the skin:
sub/cutane/ous
abnormal condition of blue skin:
cyan/osis
condition of sweat:
sudor/esis
softening of the nail:
onych/o/malacia
onych:
nail
white cell:
leukocyte
black cell:
melanocyte
skin that is dry:
xeroderma
transplantation of the same species:
homo/graft; allo/graft
tumor composed of cancer:
carcin/oma
skin condition associated with pus:
py/o/derma
discharge or flow of sebum:
seb/o/rrhea
Basal Cell Carcinoma:
- common type of skin cancers in epidermis
- brown color
- occurs most commonly in blonde and fair skinned people
signs and symptoms of Basal Cell Carcinoma:
- seen on sun exposed areas (especially face)
- pearly white/waxy bump with visible blood vessels
- crust may form; depression in the center
treatment of basal cell carcinoma:
- freeze it off
- chemotherapeutic drug
- surgical incision (used most of the time)
the spread of cancer from one part of the body to another site is called:
metastasis
what is the most common site for a basal cell carcinoma:
face
noncancerous growth:
benign
description of a basal cell carcinoma?
a malignancy of the basal layer of the skin commonly caused by repeated overexposure to the sun
abscess:
localized collection of pus in the infected cite
common cites for abscess are:
hairy parts of the body exposed to irritation, pressure, friction, or moisture
what are the two types of abscess:
furuncle and carbuncle
Furuncle:
abscess in a hair follicle and adjacent subcutaneous tissue
Carbuncle:
several furuncles developing in adjoining hair follicles with multiple drainage sinuses
signs and symptoms of abscess:
tender, painful, swollen, discharge of pus, erythema or edema persisting at the site for days or weeks `
abscess treatment:
apply hot compression; clean w soap and water; I&D
erythema and erythematous:
reddening of the skin
a furuncle is cause by a:
bacterium
cluster of furuncles in the subcutaneous tissue:
carbuncle
psoriasis:
chronic, noninfectious inflammatory skin disease; family history
signs and symptoms of psoriasis:
red patches covered by thick, dry,silvery, adherent scales; effected area appear dry, cracked, or encrusted.
psoriasis treatment:
tropical application of medications, biological drugs, UV therapy
overgrowth of the horny layer of the epidermis in a condition called:
hyperkeratosis
common sites of psoriasis:
scalp, knees, elbows, umbilicus, and genitalia
acne vulgaris:
common inflammatory skin disease of the sebaceous glands and their hair follicles
signs and symptoms of acne vulgaris:
- usually on face, upper chest, and shoulders
- caused by hormone change in puberty but can appear at any age
- include stress/irritations
types of acne vulgaris:
whiteheads; blackheads; papules; cysts; nodular; pustules
treatment of acne vulgaris:
tropical agent; skin kept clean and dry as possible
medical term for blackheads and whiteheads:
comedones
decrease sebaceous gland activity and prevent the follicle from becoming inflamed:
antibacterial: solution to apply to the skin
scabies
- CONTAGIOUS skin disease that is the result of infection by the itchmite
- transmitted by skin to skin contact
- also by prolonged contact with infected clothing, bedding or small animals
scabies signs of scabies:
- itching and rash
- wavy, brownish black lines
- commonly appear: wrists, elbows, fingers waist, nipples, buttocks and genitalia
scabies treatment:
tropical scabicide, lotion put overnight the neck down and left overnight and washed off the next morning
everyone that should be treated to overt a scabies out break:
people who live with person; recent sexual partners
most common treatment for scabies:
5% permethrin cream
impetigo
CONTAGIOUS superficial skin condition, fluid filled blister that becomes pustular ruptures, and forms a yellow crust.
impetigo signs and symptoms:
most commonly on the mouth, nose, neck or extremities
impetigo treatment:
- tropical antibiotics, or oral antibiotics
- wash your hands
alopecia:
absence or loss of hair, especially of the head, aka BALDNESS
debridement:
removal of necrotized tissue from a traumatic or infected area by surgical excision
diaphoresis:
medical condition, which a person sweats excessively and unpredictably even when the temperature is cool or when the individual is at rest
hirsutism:
excessive growth of hair in unusual places especially in women
procedure of debridement:
removal of foreign material or dead or damaged tissue, especially in a wound
mohs surgery:
removal of each layer of skin and is repeated until no more cancer cells
dermatologist freezes and destroys the lesions with nitrogen
cryosurgery
incising and draining an abscess
I&D
transplant of healthy tissue from family member:
homograft/allograft
transplant of healthy tissue from animal:
xenograft/heterograft
scratch (prick) skin test:
identification of suspected allergens via placement of a small quantity of the suspected allergen on a lightly scratched are of the skin
intradermal allergy skin test:
identification of allergens via subcutaneous injection of small amounts of extracts of the suspected allergen and observation of the skin for subsequent reaction
biopsy:
tissue sample removed from the body for microscopic examination
instrument to cut skin:
dermatome/dermatotome
pertaining to within the skin:
intradermal
study of skin:
dermatology
to fight a bacterial skin infection what is prescribed:
antibiotic
drug prescribed to decrease inflammation and itching
corticosteroid
ringworm and athlete foot is FUNGAL so is treated with
antifungal
