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Medical Terminology Chapter 1 & 2 > Medical Terminology: Chapter 5 Skin > Flashcards

Medical Terminology: Chapter 5 Skin Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

what are the accessory organs?

A

hair, nails, sweat and oil glands

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2
Q

what makes up the integumentary system:

A

accessory organs and skin

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3
Q

nerve fibers:

A

beneath the skins surface provides sensations of temperature

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4
Q

what are the two layers of the skin?

A

epidermis and dermis

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5
Q

what are the functions of the subcutaneous layer of tissue?

A

binds the dermis to underlying structures; regulates temp; stores fat and cushions/is\insulates the body

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6
Q

in the basal layer what cells protect the skin from the damaging effects of the sun?

A

melanocytes

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7
Q

which accessory organs produce oils?

A

sebaceous gland

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8
Q

list the sensations provided by the skin?

A

heat, cold, pressure, and touch

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9
Q

skin:

A

cutane/o; derm/o; dermat/o

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10
Q

sebum, sebaceous:

A

seb/o

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11
Q

hair:

A

pil/o; trich/o

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12
Q

sweat:

A

surd/o; hidr/o

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13
Q

hyperhidrosis:

A

abnormally excessive sweating that’s not necessarily related to higher temperatures or exercising

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14
Q

blue:

A

cyan/o

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15
Q

red:

A

erythema/o; erythemat/o; erythr/o

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16
Q

fungus:

A

myc/o

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17
Q

black:

A

melan/o

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18
Q

fat:

A

adipl/o; lip/o; steat/o

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19
Q

nerve:

A

neur/o

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20
Q

arteriole:

A

arteriol/o

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21
Q

dry, scaly:

A

ichthy/o

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22
Q

ichthyosis:

A

genetic skin disorder characterized by dry scaling skin that may be thickened or very thin

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23
Q

horny tissue; hard; cornea:

A

kerat/o

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24
Q

dry:

A

xer/o; ichthy/o

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25
Q

hardening; sclera:

A

scler/o

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26
Q

xerosis:

A

abnormally dry skin

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27
Q

scleroderma:

A

group of rare diseases that involve the hardening and tightening of the skin and connective tissue

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28
Q

abnormal condition without sweat:

A

an/hidr/osis

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29
Q

treatment without cold:

A

cry/o/therapy

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30
Q

resembling the skin:

A

derm/oid

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31
Q

pertaining to under the skin:

A

sub/cutane/ous

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32
Q

abnormal condition of blue skin:

A

cyan/osis

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33
Q

condition of sweat:

A

sudor/esis

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34
Q

softening of the nail:

A

onych/o/malacia

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35
Q

onych:

A

nail

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36
Q

white cell:

A

leukocyte

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37
Q

black cell:

A

melanocyte

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38
Q

skin that is dry:

A

xeroderma

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39
Q

transplantation of the same species:

A

homo/graft; allo/graft

40
Q

tumor composed of cancer:

A

carcin/oma

41
Q

skin condition associated with pus:

A

py/o/derma

42
Q

discharge or flow of sebum:

A

seb/o/rrhea

43
Q

Basal Cell Carcinoma:

A
  • common type of skin cancers in epidermis
  • brown color
  • occurs most commonly in blonde and fair skinned people
44
Q

signs and symptoms of Basal Cell Carcinoma:

A
  • seen on sun exposed areas (especially face)
  • pearly white/waxy bump with visible blood vessels
  • crust may form; depression in the center
45
Q

treatment of basal cell carcinoma:

A
  • freeze it off
  • chemotherapeutic drug
  • surgical incision (used most of the time)
46
Q

the spread of cancer from one part of the body to another site is called:

A

metastasis

47
Q

what is the most common site for a basal cell carcinoma:

A

face

48
Q

noncancerous growth:

A

benign

49
Q

description of a basal cell carcinoma?

A

a malignancy of the basal layer of the skin commonly caused by repeated overexposure to the sun

50
Q

abscess:

A

localized collection of pus in the infected cite

51
Q

common cites for abscess are:

A

hairy parts of the body exposed to irritation, pressure, friction, or moisture

52
Q

what are the two types of abscess:

A

furuncle and carbuncle

53
Q

Furuncle:

A

abscess in a hair follicle and adjacent subcutaneous tissue

54
Q

Carbuncle:

A

several furuncles developing in adjoining hair follicles with multiple drainage sinuses

55
Q

signs and symptoms of abscess:

A

tender, painful, swollen, discharge of pus, erythema or edema persisting at the site for days or weeks `

56
Q

abscess treatment:

A

apply hot compression; clean w soap and water; I&D

57
Q

erythema and erythematous:

A

reddening of the skin

58
Q

a furuncle is cause by a:

A

bacterium

59
Q

cluster of furuncles in the subcutaneous tissue:

A

carbuncle

60
Q

psoriasis:

A

chronic, noninfectious inflammatory skin disease; family history

61
Q

signs and symptoms of psoriasis:

A

red patches covered by thick, dry,silvery, adherent scales; effected area appear dry, cracked, or encrusted.

62
Q

psoriasis treatment:

A

tropical application of medications, biological drugs, UV therapy

63
Q

overgrowth of the horny layer of the epidermis in a condition called:

A

hyperkeratosis

64
Q

common sites of psoriasis:

A

scalp, knees, elbows, umbilicus, and genitalia

65
Q

acne vulgaris:

A

common inflammatory skin disease of the sebaceous glands and their hair follicles

66
Q

signs and symptoms of acne vulgaris:

A
  • usually on face, upper chest, and shoulders
  • caused by hormone change in puberty but can appear at any age
  • include stress/irritations
67
Q

types of acne vulgaris:

A

whiteheads; blackheads; papules; cysts; nodular; pustules

68
Q

treatment of acne vulgaris:

A

tropical agent; skin kept clean and dry as possible

69
Q

medical term for blackheads and whiteheads:

A

comedones

70
Q

decrease sebaceous gland activity and prevent the follicle from becoming inflamed:

A

antibacterial: solution to apply to the skin

71
Q

scabies

A
  • CONTAGIOUS skin disease that is the result of infection by the itchmite
  • transmitted by skin to skin contact
  • also by prolonged contact with infected clothing, bedding or small animals
72
Q

scabies signs of scabies:

A
  • itching and rash
  • wavy, brownish black lines
  • commonly appear: wrists, elbows, fingers waist, nipples, buttocks and genitalia
73
Q

scabies treatment:

A

tropical scabicide, lotion put overnight the neck down and left overnight and washed off the next morning

74
Q

everyone that should be treated to overt a scabies out break:

A

people who live with person; recent sexual partners

75
Q

most common treatment for scabies:

A

5% permethrin cream

76
Q

impetigo

A

CONTAGIOUS superficial skin condition, fluid filled blister that becomes pustular ruptures, and forms a yellow crust.

77
Q

impetigo signs and symptoms:

A

most commonly on the mouth, nose, neck or extremities

78
Q

impetigo treatment:

A
  • tropical antibiotics, or oral antibiotics

- wash your hands

79
Q

alopecia:

A

absence or loss of hair, especially of the head, aka BALDNESS

80
Q

debridement:

A

removal of necrotized tissue from a traumatic or infected area by surgical excision

81
Q

diaphoresis:

A

medical condition, which a person sweats excessively and unpredictably even when the temperature is cool or when the individual is at rest

82
Q

hirsutism:

A

excessive growth of hair in unusual places especially in women

83
Q

procedure of debridement:

A

removal of foreign material or dead or damaged tissue, especially in a wound

84
Q

mohs surgery:

A

removal of each layer of skin and is repeated until no more cancer cells

85
Q

dermatologist freezes and destroys the lesions with nitrogen

A

cryosurgery

86
Q

incising and draining an abscess

A

I&D

87
Q

transplant of healthy tissue from family member:

A

homograft/allograft

88
Q

transplant of healthy tissue from animal:

A

xenograft/heterograft

89
Q

scratch (prick) skin test:

A

identification of suspected allergens via placement of a small quantity of the suspected allergen on a lightly scratched are of the skin

90
Q

intradermal allergy skin test:

A

identification of allergens via subcutaneous injection of small amounts of extracts of the suspected allergen and observation of the skin for subsequent reaction

91
Q

biopsy:

A

tissue sample removed from the body for microscopic examination

92
Q

instrument to cut skin:

A

dermatome/dermatotome

93
Q

pertaining to within the skin:

A

intradermal

94
Q

study of skin:

A

dermatology

95
Q

to fight a bacterial skin infection what is prescribed:

A

antibiotic

96
Q

drug prescribed to decrease inflammation and itching

A

corticosteroid

97
Q

ringworm and athlete foot is FUNGAL so is treated with

A

antifungal

Medical Terminology Chapter 1 & 2 (8 decks)

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