Medical Terminology & Abbreviations

Question 1

anatomy

Answer 1

the study of the structure of an organism and the relationships of its parts

Question 2

physiology

Answer 2

the study of how the body functions

Question 3

homeostasis

Answer 3

relative uniformity of the normal body’s internal environment
(stable internal environment)

Question 4

what are the levels of organization?

Answer 4

Chemical
Cellular
Tissue
Organ
Organ System
Organism

Question 5

what are atoms and molecules?

Answer 5

chemical

Question 6

what are cells of the body?

Answer 6

cellular

Question 7

what are tissue?

Answer 7

groups of similar cells that perform a common function

Question 8

what are organs?

Answer 8

groups of several tissue types that perform a special function

Question 9

what is organ system?

Answer 9

group of organs that cooperate to accomplish a common purpose

Question 10

what are organisms (human)?

Answer 10

an individual, living thing

Question 11

Topography

Answer 11

body’s actual orientation or anatomical position

Question 12

what are the anatomical positions?

Answer 12

prone
recumbent
erect
supine

Question 13

erect

Answer 13

being in or having a vertical, upright position

Question 14

recumbent

Answer 14

position in which the patient lies on one side with under arm behind the back

Question 15

supine

Answer 15

lying on the back; having the face upward

Question 16

prone

Answer 16

lying with the front or face downward

Question 17

what are the anatomical planes?

Answer 17

median (midsagittal) plane
frontal plane
transverse plane

Question 18

median (midsagittal) plane

Answer 18

divides the body or any of its parts into Right and Left sides

Question 19

frontal plane

Answer 19

divides the body or any of its parts into Front (anterior) and Back (posterior)

Question 21

transverse plane

Answer 21

divides the body or any of its parts into Above (superior) and Below (inferior)

Question 21

what are the anatomical directions?

Answer 21

superior
inferior
ventral (anterior)
dorsal (posterior)
medial
lateral
intermediate
proximal
distal
superficial
deep

Question 22

superior

Answer 22

toward the head or upper part of the body (ABOVE)

Question 23

inferior

Answer 23

away from the head or toward the lower part of the body (BELOW)

Question 24

ventral (anterior)

Answer 24

toward or at the front of the body (IN FRONT OF)

Question 25

dorsal (posterior)

Answer 25

toward or at the back of the body (BEHIND)

Question 26

medial

Answer 26

toward the midline of the body (INNER SIDE)

Question 27

lateral

Answer 27

away from the midline of the body (OUTER SIDE)

Question 28

intermediate

Answer 28

between a more medial and more lateral structure

Question 29

proximal

Answer 29

closer to the origin of the body part

Question 30

distal

Answer 30

farther from the origin of the body part

Question 31

superficial (external)

Answer 31

toward or at the body surface

Question 32

deep (internal)

Answer 32

away from the body surface or more internal

Question 33

what is the purpose of medical abbreviations?

Answer 33

crucial for efficient health communication; used to save time

Question 34

t.i.d.

Answer 34

three times a day

Question 35

b.i.d.

Answer 35

two times a day

Question 36

q.i.d.

Answer 36

four times a day

Question 37

q.d.

Answer 37

once a day

Question 38

p.o.

Answer 38

by mouth

Question 39

p.r.n.

Answer 39

as needed

Question 40

o.d.

Answer 40

right eye

Question 41

o.s.

Answer 41

left eye

Question 42

o.u.

Answer 42

both eyes

Question 43

a.d.

Answer 43

right ear

Question 44

a.s.

Answer 44

left ear

Question 45

a.u.

Answer 45

both ears

Question 46

Hx

Answer 46

history

Question 47

Dx

Answer 47

diagnosis

Question 48

pt

Answer 48

patient

Question 49

R/O

Answer 49

rule out

Question 50

Rx

Answer 50

prescription

Question 51

WNL

Answer 51

within normal limits

Question 52

NIBH

Answer 52

not indicated by history

Question 53

TNTC

Answer 53

too numerous to count

Question 54

NCNS

Answer 54

no complications, no sequela

Question 55

Sx

Answer 55

symptoms

Question 56

B/P

Answer 56

blood pressure

Question 57

C/O

Answer 57

complaints of

Question 58

Tx

Answer 58

treatment

Question 59

HGB-S

Answer 59

sickle cell blood test

Question 60

WHNS

Answer 60

well healed, no sequela

Question 61

CBC

Answer 61

complete blood count

Question 62

PTSD

Answer 62

post traumatic stress disorder

Question 63

WBC

Answer 63

white blood cells

Question 64

EKG

Answer 64

electrocardiogram

Question 65

how do you define medical words?

Answer 65

1. define the suffix 2. define the prefix 3. define the middle (root)

Question 66

-angio-

Answer 66

blood vessel

Question 67

-encephalo-

Answer 67

brain

Question 68

-osteo-

Answer 68

bone

Question 69

-mammo-

Answer 69

breast

Question 70

-oto-

Answer 70

ear

Question 71

-ophthalmo-

Answer 71

eye

Question 72

-lipo-

Answer 72

fat, fatty tissue

Question 73

-dactylo-

Answer 73

finger

Question 74

-adeno-

Answer 74

gland

Question 75

-cephalo-

Answer 75

head

Question 76

-cardio-

Answer 76

heart

Question 77

-entero-

Answer 77

intestine

Question 78

-nephro-

Answer 78

kidney

Question 79

-hepato-

Answer 79

liver

Question 80

-pneumo-

Answer 80

lungs

Question 81

-psycho-

Answer 81

mind

Question 82

-stomato-

Answer 82

mouth

Question 83

-myo-

Answer 83

muscle

Question 84

-orchio-

Answer 84

testis

Question 85

-pharyngo-

Answer 85

throat (upper cavity)

Question 86

-laryngo-

Answer 86

throat (lower cavity/voice box)

Question 87

-odonto-

Answer 87

tooth

Question 88

-linguo-

Answer 88

tongue

Question 89

-onco-

Answer 89

tumor

Question 90

-hystero-

Answer 90

uterus

Question 91

-phlebo-

Answer 91

vein

Question 92

-carpo-

Answer 92

wrist

Question 93

melano-

Answer 93

black

Question 94

cyano-

Answer 94

blue

Question 95

polio-

Answer 95

gray

Question 96

chloro-

Answer 96

green

Question 97

porphyro-

Answer 97

purple

Question 98

erythro-

Answer 98

red

Question 99

leuko-

Answer 99

white

Question 100

jaundo-

Answer 100

yellow

Question 101

dys-

Answer 101

bad

Question 102

mega-

Answer 102

big

Question 103

cryo-

Answer 103

cold

Question 104

necro-

Answer 104

dead

Question 105

equi-

Answer 105

equal

Question 106

pseudo-

Answer 106

false

Question 107

duri-

Answer 107

hard

Question 108

steno-

Answer 108

narrow

Question 109

neo-

Answer 109

new

Question 110

paleo-

Answer 110

old

Question 111

brady-

Answer 111

slow

Question 112

tachy-

Answer 112

fast

Question 113

peri-

Answer 113

around

Question 114

levo-

Answer 114

left

Question 115

dextro-

Answer 115

right

Question 116

meso-

Answer 116

middle

Question 117

diplo-

Answer 117

double

Question 118

hemi-

Answer 118

half

Question 119

poly-

Answer 119

many

Question 120

bi-

Answer 120

two

Question 121

a-, an-

Answer 121

absence of, without

Question 122

ab-

Answer 122

away from

Question 123

ad-

Answer 123

to, toward

Question 124

amphi-

Answer 124

on both sides

Question 125

ante-

Answer 125

before, forward

Question 126

dia-

Answer 126

across, through

Question 127

dis-

Answer 127

separate from, apart

Question 128

e-

Answer 128

out, away

Question 129

ecto-

Answer 129

outside

Question 130

endo-

Answer 130

in, inside

Question 131

epi-

Answer 131

on

Question 132

eu-

Answer 132

well, good

Question 133

ex-

Answer 133

out of, away from

Question 134

extra-

Answer 134

outside, beyond; in addition

Question 135

sub-

Answer 135

under, beneath

Question 136

super-

Answer 136

above, over

Question 137

syn-

Answer 137

with, together

Question 138

trans-

Answer 138

across

Question 139

ultra-

Answer 139

excessive

Question 140

kin-

Answer 140

in motion, action

Question 141

-ac, -al

Answer 141

pertaining to

Question 142

-ad

Answer 142

toward, in the direction of

Question 143

-acusis

Answer 143

hearing

Question 144

-algia

Answer 144

pain, painful

Question 145

-osis

Answer 145

condition

Question 146

-blast

Answer 146

young cell

Question 147

-cele

Answer 147

swelling

Question 148

-cide

Answer 148

killer

Question 149

-cyte

Answer 149

cell

Question 150

-ectomy

Answer 150

cut out

Question 151

-emia

Answer 151

blood

Question 152

-genesis

Answer 152

production, development

Question 153

-itis

Answer 153

inflammation

Question 154

-logy

Answer 154

study of

Question 155

-megaly

Answer 155

enlargement

Question 156

-oid

Answer 156

resembling

Question 157

-pathy

Answer 157

disease

Question 158

-penia

Answer 158

abnormal reduction

Question 159

-pexy

Answer 159

fixation

Question 160

-phagia

Answer 160

eating, swallowing

Question 161

-phasia

Answer 161

speaking condition

Question 162

-phobia

Answer 162

fear

Question 163

-plasty

Answer 163

surgical repair

Question 164

-plegia

Answer 164

paralysis

Question 165

-poiesis

Answer 165

formation

Question 166

-ptosis

Answer 166

downward displacement

Question 167

-rrhaphy

Answer 167

suture

Question 168

-scope

Answer 168

instrument for examination

Question 169

-scopy

Answer 169

examination

Question 170

-stomy

Answer 170

creation of an opening

Question 171

-tomy

Answer 171

incision

Question 172

-uria

Answer 172

urine