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Intro to Anatomical Pathology > Medical Terminology 6 > Flashcards

Medical Terminology 6 Flashcards

Gyn reproductive system

1
Q

What is the function of the gyn reproductive system

A

to produce and transport ova

discharge unfertilized ova

nourish the fetus through pregnancy

develop breasts to feed baby

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2
Q

main components

A

ovaries
fallopian tubes
uterus
vagina
vulva
mammary glands

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3
Q

external genitalia

A

(vulva) sex or reproductive organs visible on the outside of the body

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4
Q

gestation

A

length of time from conception to birth

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5
Q

lactation

A

production and release of milk by mammary glands

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6
Q

orifice

A

mouth, entrance or outlet of any anatomical structure

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7
Q

cornu

A

corners of fundus (where the adnexa attach to the uterus)

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8
Q

fundus

A

upper, broad aspect

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9
Q

corpus (body)

A

body of uterus -includes endometrial cavity

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10
Q

lower uterine segment

A

lower aspect of endometrial cavity near junction with endocervix

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11
Q

cervix

A

constricted portion of the uterus opening into the vagina

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12
Q

ovaries

A

produce gametes (oogenesis) and steroid hormone production (steroidogenesis)

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13
Q

oogenesis

A

production of gametes

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14
Q

steroidogenesis

A

steroid hormone production

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15
Q

estrogen

A

promote growth/ maturation of internal and external sex organ - signals mammary glands to promote breast development during gestation

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16
Q

progestrogens

A

prepare internal sex organs for pregnancy

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17
Q

cortex

A

follicules in a cellular connective tissue-smooth muscle stroma around the follicules (periphery)

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18
Q

medulla

A

central portion of the ovary - mass of contorted vessels and nerves with loose connective tissue

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19
Q

surface of ovaries

A

covered by germinal epithelium

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20
Q

tunica albuginea

A

underlines germinal epithelium adjacent to cortex

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21
Q

fallopian tubes

A

transport ovum from ovary to uterus for envt of fertilization

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22
Q

infundibulum

A

near the fimbriated end, toward ovary

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23
Q

ampulla

A

longest segment 2/3 of length of fallopian tube

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24
Q

isthmus

A

narrow medical segment, within the gyn system this the area connecting the fallopian tube and uterus

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25
uterine/ intramural
within the uterine wall - opens into uterine cavity
26
menstrual cycle Days 1-5
"menstrual" uterine endometrium sloughs off with hormones stimulation
27
menstrual cycle Days 6-14
"ovulatory" endometrium begins to thicken as new tissue is rebuild - ova begin to mature in graafian follicles, one reaching full maturity - day 14 follicule ruptures
28
menstrual cycle Days 15- 28
"postovulatry" empty follicle fills w yellow material -corpus luteum- secreations of estrogen/progestorone stimulating the building of endometrium
29
mammary glands
secretes milk for the nourishment of newborns-lactation
30
estrogen
stimulates formation of adipose tissue
31
areola
contains sebaceous glands sweat glands and modified mammary glands for protection, lubrication and dicouraging microbial growth
32
breast cancer risk factors
hormonal exposure and genetic predisposition
33
prognostic factors for breast cancer
size tumor type grade spread? hormone receptor status gene signitures
34
ER
estrogen receptors
35
PR
progesterone receptor
36
Her2
receptor for breast
37
mutations associated with breast cancer
BRCA1 BRCA2 TP53
38
dilation in relation to labor and delivery
uterine contraction
39
expulsion- labor and delivery
time from complete dilation to birth
40
placenta
contractions discharge placenta through the cervix
41
amni-
amnion (thin membrane sac around fetus)
42
cervic-
cervix
43
colp-
vagina
44
galact-
milk
45
gynec-
women, female
46
gynec-
women, female
47
hyster-
uterus
48
mamm-
breast
49
men-
menstrual
50
nat-
birth
51
oophor-
ovary
52
salping-
fallopian tube
53
-arche
beginning
54
-cyesis
pregnancy
55
-gravida
pregnant women
56
-para
to bear
57
-salpinx
tube
58
-tocia
childbirth
59
Gravida Para
live birth vs pregnancy numbers
60
ante-
before, in front of
61
endo-
within
62
multi-
many, much
63
primi-
first
64
atresia
congenital absence or closure of a normal body opening
65
dyspareunia
pain during intercourse
66
endocervicitis
inflammation of the mucosa lining the cervix uteri
67
premenstrual syndrome
symptoms that occur between ovulation and the onset of menstruation
68
sterility
inability of the female to become pregnant or male to impregnate the female
69
amenorrhea
no period
70
dysmenorrhea
painful period
71
menorrhagia
abnormally heavy prolonged period
72
metrorrhagia
irregular bleeding between periods or after menopause
73
oligomenorrhea
abnormally light or infrequent period
74
leiomyomata
uterine fibroid - benign tumor of muscle/fibrous tissue arising from myometrium of the uterus
75
adenomyosis
presence of endometrium within the myometrium
76
endometriosis
presence of functional endometrial tissue outside of the uterus "implants" usually abdomen, fallopian tube or ovaries
77
abortion
termination of pregnency before the embryo or fetus is capable of surviving on its own
78
breech presenation
fetal buttocks or feet present first not head
79
choriocarcinoma
malignant neoplasm of the uterus/ within ectopic pregnancy/placenta
80
down syndrome
extra copy of chromosome 21 -physical and mental development is altered
81
eclampsia
severe maternal hypertension, proteinuria, peripheral edema and coagulation abnormalities combined w hyperreflexia and convulsions
82
abruptio placentae
premature seperation of the placenta from the uterine wall before 3rd stage of labor
83
ectopic pregnancy
fertilized ovum implant outside of the uterine lining - usually fallopian tube
84
placenta previa
obstetric complication in which placenta is attached close to/ covers cervical canal-severe bleeding
85
amniocentesis
amniotic fluid extracted for genetic testing
86
chorionic villus sampling
chromosomal analysis test from the placenta
87
cordocentesis
umbilical blood sampling for anemia
88
endometrial biopsy
biopsy of endometrium usually curettings
89
papanicolaou test
pap smear - examine cervical cells for cancer
90
pelvemia
see how wide pelvis is
91
hysterosalpingography
HSG look at lumen of fallopian tubes for blockage
92
mammography
look at breast parenchyma
93
cesarean section
c section cut out baby
94
conization
cone of the cervix is taken usually for cancer testing
95
cryosurgery
freezing the cervical tissue and endometrial tissue as well as genital warts
96
D&C
collection of curettings
97
hysterectomy
removal of the uterus
98
laparoscopy
minimal invasive surgery to look at abdominal organs

Intro to Anatomical Pathology (13 decks)

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