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Intro to Anatomical Pathology > Medical Terminology 4 > Flashcards

Medical Terminology 4 Flashcards

Digestive System

1
Q

main function of digestive system

A

Break down food
prepare for absorption
elimination waste

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2
Q

Main components

A

Mouth
Pharynx
Esophagus
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine

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3
Q

types of cells at the mouth

A

squamous

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4
Q

types of cells at the anus

A

squamous

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5
Q

Accessory Organs to GI

A

Liver
Gallbladder
Pancrease

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6
Q

Liver

A

produces bile

removes glucose from the blood to synthesize glycogen for storage

stores vitamins

destroys toxins

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7
Q

Gallbladder

A

Storage area for bile

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8
Q

Pancrease

A

endocrine-secretes insulin

exocrine produces digestive enzymes

destroys old erythrocytes and releasing bilirubin

synthesizes proteins circulating in the blood

maintain normal glucose levels in the blood

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9
Q

bilirubin

A

orange yellow pigment formed during destruction of erythrocytes

is taken up by the liver cells and eventually excreted

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10
Q

bolus

A

mass of masticated food ready for swallowing

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11
Q

exocrine

A

type of glad that secretes products through excretory ducts to the surface of an organ or tissue

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12
Q

sphincter

A

circular band of muscle fibers that constricts a passage or closes a natural opening

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13
Q

stromato-

A

of the mouth

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14
Q

lingu-

A

pertaining to the tongue

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15
Q

bucco-

A

pertaining to the cheek

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16
Q

chelio-

A

pertaining to the lip

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17
Q

odonto-

A

of the teeth

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18
Q

sailo-

A

pertaining to the salivary glands

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19
Q

pharyngo-

A

pertaining to the pharynx

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20
Q

gastro-

A

pertaining to the belly/ stomach

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21
Q

enter-

A

intestine

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22
Q

col-

A

colon

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23
Q

cholangio-

A

bile vessel

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24
Q

choledoch-

A

bile duct

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25
Q

-emesis

A

vomiting

26
Q

-iasis

A

abnormal condition of

27
Q

-megaly

A

enlargement

28
Q

-orexia

A

appetite

29
Q

-phagia

A

swallowing, eating

30
Q

dia-

A

through, across

31
Q

peri-

A

around

32
Q

sub-

A

under, below

33
Q

Hernia

A

breaking in the lining creating a sac-like pouch in which internal organs may protrude

34
Q

Diverticulosis

A

inner wall of the intestine forms small bulging sacs

35
Q

appendicitis

A

inflammation of the appendix, usually caused by obstruction or infection

36
Q

exidate

A

body sends cells to heal tan-white color

37
Q

ascites

A

abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity

38
Q

borborygmus

A

rumbling or gurgling noises that are audible at a distance - caused by the passage of air through the liquid of the intestines

39
Q

cachexia

A

physical wasting - weight loss, muscle loss- associated with immune deficiency syndrome and cancer

40
Q

cirrhosis

A

scaring and dysfunction of the liver from chronic liver disease

41
Q

crohn disease

A

form of inflammatory bowel disease unique in pattern (cobble stone)

42
Q

dysentary

A

inflammation of intestine from water or food with chemical irritant, bacteria, protozoa or parasites, resulting in bloody diarrhea

43
Q

halitosis

A

foul smelling breath

44
Q

hematemesis

A

vomiting blood from bleeding in the stomach or esophagus

45
Q

hemorrhoids

A

swollen varicose veins in the anorectal region categorized as external or internal

46
Q

IBS

A

irritable bowel syndrome- symptoms of abdominal pain and altered bowel function with no organic cause determined

47
Q

malabsorption syndrome

A

symptom complex of the small intestine -impaired passage of nutrients, minerals, or fluids through intestinal villi into the blood or lymph

48
Q

melena

A

dark, talike feces that contain digested blood from bleeding in the esophagus or stomach

49
Q

obstipation

A

severe constipation due to possible obstruction

50
Q

pyloric stenosis

A

narrowing of the pyloric sphincter in the stomach , blocks food flow to intestine

51
Q

ulcerative colitis

A

chronic inflammatory disease of the colon, usually beginning in the rectum

52
Q

GI surgical procedures

A

gastrointestinal endoscopy
lower GI series
appendectomy
vertical banded gastroplasty
Roux-en-y bypass

53
Q

BE

A

barium enema

54
Q

BM

A

bowel movement

55
Q

BMI

A

body mass index

56
Q

EGD

A

Esophagogastricduodenoscopy

57
Q

GERD

A

gastroesophageal reflux disease

58
Q

LFT

A

liver function test

59
Q

MRCP

A

magnetic resonance cholagiopancreatecograph

60
Q

NG

A

nasogastric

Intro to Anatomical Pathology (13 decks)

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