Medical Procedures For Airway And Lung Diseases

Question 1

Airway Adjuncts: oral pharyngeal airway

Answer 1

Tube that holds tongue awa from the back of the throat and maintains the patency of the airway

Question 2

Airway Adjuncts: Nasal pharyngeal airway

Answer 2

Tube inserted through nose to allow for nasotracheal suctioning

Question 3

Airway Adjuncts: Endotracheal tube

Answer 3

Tube inserted into trachea from mouth or nose to provide airway and to allow for mechanical ventilation

Question 4

Airway Adjuncts: Tracheostomy tube

Answer 4

Artificial airway in trachea from incision below vocal cords needed for mechanical ventilation

Question 5

Airway suctioning

Answer 5

Mechanical aspiration of secretions using a suction catheter; indicated when ↑/thickened secretions

Question 6

Bullectomy

Answer 6

Removal of large air spaces formed (bullae) when alevoli are destroying in emphysema

Question 7

Lobectomy

Answer 7

Removal of a lobe

Question 8

Lung transplant

Answer 8

Replacement of lung

Reserved for end-stage COPD, interstitial pulmonary fibrosis, cystic fibrosis

Question 9

Lung Volume Reduction Surgery

Answer 9

Removal of part of lung that creates extra space so that remaining lung tissue and diaphragm can work better

Question 10

Mechanical Ventilation

Answer 10

Assistant to breathe from positive pressure mechanical ventilator that delivers air into the lungs by ↑ intrathoracic pressure

Question 11

Oxygen Therapy

Answer 11

Tx of acute and chronic hypoxemia with PaO2 < 55 mmHg or O2 sats <88% while at rest OR PaO2 of 56-59 mmHg or O2 sats 89% with cor pulmonale/polycythemia

Question 12

Thoracotomy

Answer 12

Surgical incision cutting the chest wall to access heart, great vessels, lungs, esophagus, diaphragm

Question 13

Tracheostomy

Answer 13

Hole through neck into trachea below the vocal cords
Indicated if: airway obstruction at/above level of larynx OR respiratory failure needing prolonged mechanical ventilation