medical nutrition therapy for individuals

Question 1

Ulcer: omit___ avoid ___

Answer 1

pepper/chili powder, avoid excess caffeine and alcohol

Question 2

hiatal hernia: ___,___ feedings

Answer 2

small bland feedings

Question 3

Gastrectomy (Billroth I, II) may cause

Answer 3

Dumping syndrome

Question 4

Dumping syndrome happens when rapidly hydrolyzed carb enters ___

Answer 4

jejunum, water comes in, BP drop, 2 hrs, absorbed sugar rise, insulin rice, reactive alimentary hypoglycemia

Question 5

Billroth II affect what nutrients

Answer 5

Ca, Fe

Question 6

pernicious anemia dx is ___

Answer 6

schilling test

Question 7

gastroparesis: delayed ___ ___ may cause ____

Answer 7

gastric emptying, hyperglycemia.

Question 8

bezoar formation in ___ pts dt undigested food/ med

Answer 8

gastroparesis

Question 9

diet for gastroparesis:

Answer 9

small frequent meals, pureed food, avoid high fiber high fat.

Question 10

celiac dz also called

Answer 10

non tropical sprue

Question 11

symptom of celiac dz:

Answer 11

malabsorption (loss of fat soluble v) anemia, wt loss, D, steatorrhea

Question 12

celiac dz need to avoid:

Answer 12

bran. graham, malt, bulgur, ccouscous, durum, orzo, thickening agents

Question 13

small mucosal sacs: dz? diet?

Answer 13

diverticular dz, high fiber diet

Question 14

gastritis is ___ of stomach, symptoms, diet

Answer 14

inflammation, anorexia, NVD, clear liquids

Question 15

IBD has two kinds: regional, chronic

Answer 15

chrohn’s dz, UC

Question 16

tx for IBD

Answer 16

Limit fat if steatorrhea, frequent feedings Ca Mg Zn supplement if fatty stool.

Question 17

Lactose intolerance need to supplement

Answer 17

ca and riboflavin

Question 18

diarrhea diet:

Answer 18

40% calories as fat, balance with limited fluids, restrict fruit juices with high osmolar loads

Question 19

steatorrhea _g is indicative of malabsorption

Answer 19

7

Question 20

SBS short bowel syd involved with which part of SI

Answer 20

ileum

Question 21

what happens if ileal resection

Answer 21

B12 bile salt resorption, fluid, increased need for Ca Zn Mg

Question 22

what to watch for with ilead resection (fat, fluid)

Answer 22

limit fat, use MCT to bypass bile salt, supplement Ca, Zn, Mg 1 L more water

Question 23

with liver disease, liver enzymes are ___

Answer 23

elevated because tissue damage cause them to leak into circulation

Question 24

___happens when blood cannot leave liver, ___happens when blood cant enter the liver

Answer 24

ascites, esophageal varices (connective tissues)

Question 25

diet for cirrhosis :

Answer 25

high protein, high cal, moderate to low fat, low fiber if varices, low sodium if edema, B complex V

Question 26

Alcoholic liver disease explain how metabolism disturbed

Answer 26

alcohol-acetaldehyde, excess hydrogen, replace fat as fuel, fat accumulate

Question 27

asterisix is

Answer 27

flapping, involuntary jerking motions sign on impending coma in ESLD

Question 28

tx of asterisix:

Answer 28

high protein, high cal

Question 29

gallbladder dz, pancreatitis

Answer 29

low fat diet, MCT in P

Question 30

PERT IS

Answer 30

Pancreatic enzymes

Question 31

chronic pancreatitis fat rec: need___for PERT to work

Answer 31

max fat tolerated for wt gain, antacids

Question 32

Acute pancreatitis: fomula

Answer 32

elemental EN nto jejunum

Question 33

Tx for cystic fibrosis

Answer 33

PERT, high prot, cal, fat, salt, all Vs

Question 34

resveratrol is in __ may lower __ ___

Answer 34

red grapes, bp

Question 35

metabolic syn how many risk factors what are those?

Answer 35

3/5 BP (130/85), TG 150, glu 110, waist 40 35, HDL40 50

Question 36

LDL optima

Answer 36

100

Question 37

total cholesterol desirable

Answer 37

200

Question 38

HDL

Answer 38

40 50

Question 39

___ ___ level is independent risk factor for CHD

Answer 39

high homocysteine

Question 40

PUFA MUFA rec from TLC

Answer 40

5-10% pufa, 20% mufa

Question 41

in HT failure pt, evaluate __ because __cannot be converted for energy if not

Answer 41

thiamin, pyruvate

Question 42

hormones involved in renal fx

Answer 42

vasopressin ADH, renin, EPO

Question 43

vasopressin is secreted from __ stored in __ controls ___ ___, increase __ ___

Answer 43

ADH hypothalamus pituitary BP water resorption

Question 44

renin secreted by ___ when __ __ decreases, stimulates __ to increase __ absorption and increase ___ ___

Answer 44

vasoconstrictor, glomerulus, blood volume, aldosterone, sodium, bp

Question 45

renal calculi/kidney stone diets

Answer 45

alkaline ash/acid diets alkaline ash: increase cations, acid ash: anions

Question 46

high oxalate food

Answer 46

dark leafy green, choco, strawberries, nuts, beets tea

Question 47

nephrosis is defect in membrane of ___ which permits ___ of ___ ___ of ___ into ___

Answer 47

glomerulus large amount protein escape filtrate

Question 48

because protein escaped in nephrosis ___is not made, so ___ transport/absorption is interrupted and cause ___, so diet must restrict ___

Answer 48

VLDL, fat, hyperlipidemia, fat

Question 49

CKD Stage 123 will have GFR > ___ NO ___symptoms

Answer 49

60 uremic

Question 50

potassium generally not restricted unless serum level ___ and urine output is ____/day

Answer 50

elevated

Question 51

risk factor for DM: acanthosis nigricans

Answer 51

gray-brown skin pigmentations in skin folds

Question 52

mgt goal for DM preprandial post prandial

Answer 52

70-130 180

Question 53

gestational diabetes increased risk of ___ ___

Answer 53

fetal macrosomia