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KN JD NPTE: PULMONARY > Medical Management > Flashcards

Medical Management Flashcards

1
Q

What is a pneumonectomy?

A

Removal of a lung

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2
Q

What is a lobectomy?

A

Removal of a lobe of a lung

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3
Q

What is a segmental resection?

A

Removal of a segment of a lobe

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4
Q

What is a wedge resection?

A

Removal of a portion of a lung without anatomical divisions

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5
Q

What is a lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) or pneumectomy?

A

Removes large emphysematous, non-functioning areas of the lung to normalize thoracic mobility and improve gas exchange of remaining lung

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6
Q

Sternum cut in half lengthwise and rib cage retracted.
What is this incision?
When is it used?
PT should focus on what?

A
  • Midsternotomy
  • Used in most heart surgeries
  • Since wired shut at completion, PT should encourage full UE ROM post-op
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7
Q

What is a thoracotomy? (incision location)
What is it used for?
PT should focus on?

A
  • follows path of 4th intercostal space
  • lung resection
  • full ROM post-op
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8
Q

What are rescue drugs vs. maintenance drugs?

A

Rescue: used for immediate relief of breakthrough symptoms of tightness, wheezing, and SOB.
Maintenance: taken on a regular schedule to maintain optimal A/W diameter

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9
Q

What do short-acting beta-2 agonists act as?

Rescue or maintenance?

A

Sympathomimetics

Rescue

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10
Q

How do short-acting beta-2 agonists work?

Effects on BP and HR?

A

Mimic activity of sympathetic NS, produce bronchodilaton-

Can increase BP and HR

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11
Q

How are rescue drugs administered?

A

Given topically through metered-dose inhaler (MDI)

Reduces unwanted systemic effects

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12
Q

Ventolin (albuterol)
Alupent (metaproterenol)
Maxair (pirbuterol)

A

Beta-2 agonists

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13
Q

Long-acting beta 2 agonists act as?

Rescue or maintenance?

A

Sympathomimetics

Maintenance

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14
Q

How do long-acting beta-2 agonists work?

A

Mimic activity of sympathetic NS, allowing for bronchodilaton

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15
Q

Serevent (salmeterol xinafoate)

A

Long-acting beta-2 agonist

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16
Q

What are anticholinergics?

Rescue or maintenance?

A
  • Inhibit parasympathetic nervous system
  • Increase HR, BP, bronchodilaton
  • Maintenance
17
Q

What are side effects of anticholinergics?

A

Dry mouth, delusions, lack of sweating

18
Q

Atrovent (iptatropium)

A

Anticholinergic

19
Q

Methylxanthines- what do they do?

Maintenance or rescue?

A
  • Produce smooth muscle relaxation
  • Limited due to serious toxicity, increased BP, increased HR, GI distress, arrhythmias, nervousness, headache, seizures
  • Maintenance
20
Q

Aminophylline, theophylline

A

Methylxanthines

21
Q

Leukotrine receptor agonist- what does it do?

rescue or maintenance?

A

Maintenance

  • blocks leukotrines released in allergic rxns
  • inhibits a/w edema and smooth muscle contraction
22
Q

Leukotrine receptor agonist- added benefit when used with

A

Other anti-inflammatories

23
Q

Montelukast (singulair)

A

Leukotrine receptor agonist

24
Q

Chromolyn sodium- what is it?

Maintenance or rescue

A

Maintenance

  • antiallergic drug
  • prevents release of mast cells (histamine)
25
Q

Chromolyn sodium is used ______ to prevent exercise-induced ____. If OD, have ___ ___.

A

Prophylactically
Bronchospasm
Paradoxical bronchospasm

26
Q

Intal

A

Chromolyn sodium

27
Q

Anti-inflammatory agents: used for what (pulmonary)?

A

Decrease mucosal edema, inflammation, a/w reactivity

28
Q

Side effects of anti-inflammatory agents (steroids)? (6)

What about inhaled steroids?

A
  1. Increased BP
  2. Sodium retention
  3. Muscle wasting
  4. Osteoporosis
  5. GI irritation
  6. Hypercholesteremia
    - Inhaled: THRUSH
29
Q

Vanceril (beclomethasone)

Azmacort (triamcinolone)

A

Anti-inflammatory agents/steroids

30
Q

Crisis drugs

A

given in ER, systematically administered in larger doses

KN JD NPTE: PULMONARY (15 decks)

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