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Spring 18 Pedo > Medical Emergencies > Flashcards

Medical Emergencies Flashcards

1
Q

Most important aspect of dealing with medical emergencies.

A

Prevention

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2
Q

Primary responsibilities of the dentist.

A
  • PREVENTION
  • Preparation
  • BLS
  • Basic emergency medicine procedures
  • Procurement of help/transport
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3
Q

How to prevent medical emergencies:

A
  • Appropriate med hx and physical exam
  • Medical consult if needed
  • Patient monitoring
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4
Q

If needed, request a statement from the doctor that:

A

The patient is in optimal condition for the planned procedure.

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5
Q

Monitoring needed for healthy patients being treated with LA alone or with minimal sedation:

A
  • General appearance of patient
  • Level of consciousness
  • Level of comfort
  • Muscle tone
  • Color of skin/mucosa
  • Respiratory pattern
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6
Q

These are unaffected in minimal sedation.

A

Ventilation and CV function

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7
Q

These patients have smaller degrees of respiratory and cardiovascular reserve.

A

Children

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8
Q

When moderate sedation is used, additional monitoring is needed:

A
  • BP
  • Pulse Ox
  • Ventilation
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9
Q

The arterial oxygen measurement determined by pulse oximetry.

A

SpO2

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10
Q

This uses the light absorptive characteristics of Hemoglobin AND the pulsating nature of blood flow in the artereis to determine oxygen status.

A

Pulse Ox

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11
Q

Absorbs infrared light

A

Oxygenated Hb

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12
Q

Absorbs red light

A

Deoxygenated Hb

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13
Q

Probe that can be used in small babies on the cheekfrom the inside to outside the mouth.

A

Ear probes

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14
Q

Can nail polish and hennna impact the reading of a pulse ox?

A

YES!

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15
Q

Avoid this in order to get an accurate reading on the pulse ox.

A

Bright lights in the operating room.

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16
Q

A common problem in recovery that can result in an abnormal reading and cause confusion.

A

Shivering

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17
Q

T/F: Perfusion is needed for a pulse ox reading.

A

True

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18
Q

Can pulse oximeters detect Hb bound to CO?

A

No. So they exaggerate the SpO2 reading.

19
Q

Clinically acceptable level of Sp02?

A

95-100%

20
Q

Is pulse ox real time?

A

No because it’s measuring arterial O2 saturation, which may be different than the amount of oxygen being inhaled into the lungs.

21
Q

Is capnography real time?

A

Yes

22
Q

Measures expired CO2.

A

Capnography

23
Q

Capnography monitors this.

A

Ventilation

24
Q

Capnography uses what kind of spectrometry?

A

Infrared

25
Q

Measures end tidal CO2

A

Capnography

26
Q

This is what the capnograph looks like when the patient is not breathing (apnea) or when there’s an obstruction of the airway.

A

Flat baseline

27
Q

Instrument for listening to heart and lung sounds.

A

Precordial stethoscope

28
Q

Wheezing means what?

A

Bronchospasm

29
Q

No breath sounds mean what?

A

-Complete laryngospasm, bronchospasm, or obstruction.

30
Q

Pulse ox’s and capnographs give what kind of data?

A

Quantitative

31
Q

Stethoscopes give what kind of data?

A

Qualitative

32
Q

Respiratory and heart rates go up or down as we get older?

A

Down

33
Q

The initial primary goal of BLS is:

A

Establishing and maintaining an airway.

34
Q

The final common pathway leading to morbidity and mortality in the majority of severe pediatric medical emergency situations.

A

Hypoxemia

35
Q

The primary emergency drug.

A

Oxygen

36
Q

You wany what percent oxygen, and for how long?

A

90% at 10 L/min for 1 hr.

Minimum E cylinder size.

37
Q

Use this if the patient is not breathing spontaneously.

A

Positive pressure ventilation.

38
Q

Delivers the highest concentration of oxygen to a SPONTANEOUSLY breathing patient.

A

Non-rebreather facemask

39
Q

% O2 delivered in mouth-to-mouth, and mouth-to-mask:

A

16

40
Q

For child rescue breathing, one breath every _______ ?

A

3-5 seconds

41
Q

For adult rescue breathing, one breath every _____?

A

5-6 seconds

42
Q

Used for positive pressure ventilation.

A

Bag-valve-mask

43
Q

Can deliver close to 100% O2?

A

Bag-valve-mask

44
Q

Bag-valve-mask is used when the patient is or isn’t breathing?

A

IS NOT!

Spring 18 Pedo (11 decks)

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