medical emergencies

Question 1

altered mental status

Answer 1

gradual change in level of responsiveness or normal mentation

Question 2

AEIOU-TIPS

Answer 2

alcohol
epilepsy
insulin
overdose/oxygen
uremia
trauma
infection
psychosis
stroke

Question 3

seizures

Answer 3

uncontrolled electrical impulses in brain

Question 4

treatment for seizures

Answer 4

protect from injury
open airway
adequate respirations
admin oxy via NBR

Question 5

stroke

Answer 5

blood supply blockage to brain (ischemic or hemorrhagic)

Question 6

treatment for stroke

Answer 6

maintain abc until hospital arrival
oxy via nasal cannula
fast - g every 5 mins

Question 7

ischemia

Answer 7

decreased blood flow to heart

Question 8

atherosclerosis

Answer 8

decreased blood flow to heart tissue, causes complete occlusion of coronary artery

Question 9

heart attack

Answer 9

caused by blood clot/severe atherosclerosis

Question 10

angina pectoris

Answer 10

heart’s need for oxygen exceeds its supply, during physical exertion or emotional stress

Question 11

treatment for cardiac arrest

Answer 11

admin high flow oxy
admin aspirin
perform OPQRSTI

Question 12

nitroglycerin

Answer 12

vasodilator, dilates blood vessels

Question 13

nitroglycerin dosage

Answer 13

sublingual, 1 dose per 5 min, max 3 doses

Question 14

aspirin

Answer 14

anti platelet medication, slows clotting

Question 15

aspirin dosage

Answer 15

orally, 1 time dose of 324 mg or 4 - 81 mg of baby pills

Question 16

congestive heart failure

Answer 16

failure of heart to pump blood adequately

Question 17

left side chf failure

Answer 17

left ventricle fails to pump blood to the body, backs up in the pulmonary veins, causing pulmonary edema

Question 18

right side chf failure

Answer 18

right ventricle fails to pump to the lung, fluid collects in areas closest to the ground

Question 19

chf treatment

Answer 19

place in sitting position to drain fluid
admin high flow oxy

Question 20

dyspnea

Answer 20

shortness of breath or difficulty in breathing

Question 21

pneumonia

Answer 21

infection around lung tissue, impairing alveolar ventilation

Question 22

asthma

Answer 22

bronchospasms w/ excess mucus production/swelling of respiratory passage lining

Question 23

dyspnea treatment

Answer 23

lung sounds
admin high flow oxy
loosen tight clothing
place in comfortable position

Question 24

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Answer 24

obstructed airflow in lungs, caused by repeated infections or inhalation of smoke

Question 25

respiratory inhalation medications

Answer 25

metered dose inhalers or neublizers

Question 26

albuterol

Answer 26

bronchodilator, relax muscles surrounding airway

Question 27

diabetes

Answer 27

impaired insulin production or body’s inability to use insulin properly

Question 28

abdominal pain

Answer 28

irritation of abdominal cavity membrane (peritoneum)

Question 29

abdominal pain assessment

Answer 29

distention: expansion caused by air/fluid
rigidity: firmness
guarding: tension of muscles
pulsating masses: abdominal aortic aneurysm
trauma

Question 30

signs of stroke

Answer 30

aphasia
receptive aphasia
ataxia (w/out coordination)
altered mental status
unequal pupils

Question 31

contraindiction of nitro

Answer 31

hypotensive or unconscious

Question 32

contraindication of aspirin

Answer 32

head trauma, allergic, pregnancy, unconscious