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Ortho Therapy > Medical Emergencies > Flashcards

Medical Emergencies Flashcards

1
Q

What are the minimum requirements for the emergency drug box?

A
  • GTN spray
  • salbutamol inhaler
  • adrenaline
  • aspirin
  • glucagon
  • oral glucose solution (glucogel)
  • midazolam
  • oxygen
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2
Q

What does the acronym DRS ABCDE mean?

A 
Danger
Response
Shout for help 
Airway 
Breathing
Circulation 
Disability 
Exposure
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3
Q

What is GTN used for?

A

Angina

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4
Q

What is salbutamol used for?

A

Asthma

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5
Q

What is adrenaline used for?

A

Anaphylactic shock

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6
Q

What is aspirin used for?

A

Myocardial infarction (heart attack)

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7
Q

What is glucagon injection used for?

A

Hypoglycaemic attack

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8
Q

What is midazolam used for?

A

Epileptic fit

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9
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of angina?

A 
Signs
• holding chest
• difficulty breathing
• pale
• sweaty

Symptoms
• history of exertion
• pain in chest
• breathlesss

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10
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of myocardial infarction / heart attack?

A 
Signs
• patient holds chest
• grey pallor
• sweating
• vomiting
• may lose consciousness

Symptoms
• crushing chest pain
• may radiate to neck and jaw
• feels sick

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11
Q

What are signs and symptoms of tonic clonic seizures?

A 
Signs 
• loss of consciousness and rigid body 
• jerking
• froth of mouth, bite tongue
• lose bladder control 
• slow recovery 
• tired and drowsy

Symptoms
• may warn of attack
• aura - visual disturbance, funny taste

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12
Q

What are signs and symptoms of epileptic vacancies?

A

Signs
• loss of consciousness- maybe momentarily
• sudden loss of awareness

Symptoms
• feels lost when they come around
• no memory of episode

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13
Q

What is the difference between a sign and a symptom?

A

Signs - what we see is happening to the patient

Symptoms - what the patient feels

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14
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of fainting?

A 
Signs
• pallor
• sweaty, clammy
• incoherent 
• slow, weak pulse 
• loss of consciousness

Symptoms
• hot, sweaty
• complain of dizziness
• feels weak and sick

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15
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of an asthma attack?

A
  • wheezing
  • difficulty breathing
  • low blood saturation’s
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16
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of a hypoglycaemic attack?

A 
Signs
• anxious
• agitated 
• aggressive
• drowsy 
• unconscious 
• rapid pulse
• sweating

Symptoms
• weak and unsteady
• trembling

17
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of anaphylactic shock?

A 
Signs
• change in colour
• difficulty breathing
• wheezing
• facial swelling
• rash
• agitated 
• weak pulse and rapid
• fall in blood pressure
• unconscious 
Symptoms
• difficulty breathing and speaking 
• throat closing
• facial swelling
• rash
18
Q

What are the signs and symptoms on cardiac arrest?

A
  • loss of consciousness

* no signs of life

19
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of a stroke?

A 
Signs 
• loss of consciousness 
• limp in arm or leg 
• face may drop of one side
• affects speech 
Symptoms
• severe headache
• weakness in one arm or leg 
• un co-ordinated
• can’t speak properly
• sudden confusion
20
Q

What treatment is provided to a patient who is choking?

A
  1. Ask patient to cough
  2. 5 back blowS
  3. 5 abdominal thrusts
  4. If both do not work - call 999 and continue until help arrives
  5. If patient unconscious and stops breathing - call 999
21
Q

What is the treatment for anaphylaxis?

A 
Call for help
Place patient in comfortable position 
Oxygen as needed
Administer adrenaline 
No improvement - call 999
22
Q

What is treatment for cardiac arrest?

A

Call 999 - unresponsive and non breathing
CPR - compressions 30:2
Attach defibrillator

23
Q

What is the treatment for a patient that faints?

A

Raise feet
Loosen tight clothing
Reassure patient
Should regain consciousness quickly

24
Q

What is the treatment for an asthma attack?

A 
Do not lay flat
Sit upright and sit near a window, encourage to relax
Give patient salbutamol inhaler
Give oxygen if needed
If unresponsive call 999
25
Q

What is treatment for hypoglycaemic attack?

A

Conscious
• oral administration of glucose - fizzy drink, sugary food, glycogen
• postpone treatment until fully recovered

Unconscious 
• get help 
• place into recovery position 
• rub glucose solution onto oral mucosa
• glucogen IM
26
Q

What is the treatment for angina?

A

Spray GTN or tablet under tongue
Sit patient upright and rest
Oxygen if needed
If GTN does not relieve symptoms then call for help

27
Q

What is the treatment for myocardial infarction?

A

Call for help
‘MONA’ = monitor, oxygen, nItrates (GTN), aspirin
CPR if needed

28
Q

What is the treatment for a seizure ?

A 
Make area safe
Do not restrain or place anything near mouth
Place into recovery position
Let them sleep
Oxygen if needed 
If exceeds 5 minutes call help
Be aware of status epilepticus
Midazolam by appropriate staff

Ortho Therapy (37 decks)

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