Medical Conditions and the Periodontium Flashcards
what is Downs Syndrome?
oral signs?
prone to?
21 chromosomes.
Class III occlusion, anterior open bite, large tongue, lack of lip seal
prone to infections/perio disease
why are downs syndrome patients susceptible to infection?
abnormalities in immune system. Impaired chemotaxis and phagocytosis of PMN’s
how to treat downs syndrome patients?
prevention!!!
what is hypophosphotasia?
Premature exfoliation of deciduous teeth because bone and cementum changes with absence of inflammation.
Loss of alveolar bone at deciduous canines and incisors.
perm dentition not affected
what type of teeth are present in a patient with hypophospotasia?
shell teeth
what is papillon levefre syndrome?
autosmal recessive
diffuse palmer/planter erythematous keratosis at hands/feet and premature tooth loss.
deciduous and permanent teeth affected
in a papillon levefre patient how are the dentitions lost?
deciduous lost in order of eruption
permanent erupts early - progressive bone loss until teeth exfoliated - edentulous by 16
severe gingiva inflammation
what is Ehlers-Danos syndrome?
inherited and affects connective tissue
excessive joint mobility/skin hyperextensibility/easy bruising and abnormal scarring.
what could be seen orally in a patient with Ehlers Danos?
oral mucosa fragile and susceptible to bruising
gingival tissues bleed easily
post extraction haemorrhages
teeth fragile and fracture easily.
Type III is linked with aggressive periodontitis
what is hereditary gingival fibromatosis?
singly or with other inherited conditions
autosmal dominant - affects perm dentition
what is seen orally with hereditary gingival fibromatosis?
gingival tissues enlarged/hyperplasia b/c excessive collagen - localised/generalised
can completely cover crowns - may affect speech/mastication
may delay eruption
what are mucopolysaccharides?
group of inherited disorders
characterised by disturbance of mucopolysaccharied production - Hunter/Hurlers syndrome
orally - teeth small/wide spaced/delayed eruption/gingival enlargement
what may be seen in the mouth of a crohns patient?
apthous ulceration. Cobblestone mucosa/mucosal tags/diffuse erythematous/granular enlargement of attached gingivae
orally what is seen with sarcoidosis?
swelling at parotid and cervical lymph nodes
gingivae - hyperplastic, granulomous appaearance
oral signs of anaemia?
oral mucosa pallor
tongue smooth with or without apthous ulceration
what is seen orally with aplastic anaemia?
gingival bleeding and infections
what is fanconi’s anaemia?
aggressive periodontitis with early tooth loss
what can be seen orally with a neutropenia?
oral ulceration/ severe gingivitis/profuse bleeding/rapid bone loss
leukaemia signs in the mouth?
oral ulceration/petechiae/gingival enlargement/gingival bleeding/bacterial/viral/fungal infections/acute herpetic gingivostomatitis, candidiasis
what is chedaik Higashi syndrome?
rare autosmal/lymphoma like, develops with a neutropenia
severe gingivitis/periodontitis, premature loss of both dentitions/not respond well to perio tx
what is lichen planus?
inflammatory disease of skin and mucous membranes
oral lesions with or without skin lesions
interlacing network of white on cheeks/vestibule and gingivae
what is erosive lichen planus?
seen at gingivae
most common cause of desquamative gingivitis
what is benign mucous membrane pemphigoid?
disease of mucous membranes because of immunological disorder
lesion = bulla which breaks down to an ulcer - heals to scar
affects diffuse erythema/patches of desquameted epithelium
what is pemphigus vulgaris?
automimmune disease oral lesions before skin lesions formation of bullae on any part of oral mucosa forms in clusters bullae - breakdown - ragged ulcers tx - systemic corticosteroids
