caries prevention Flashcards
what is the rapid drop in the stephan curve caused by?
due to speed plaque microbes metabolise sugar - diff sugars metabolised at diff rates
what is the slow rise until resting pH attained caused by?
due to acid by products diffusing out of plaque and action of saliva
pH recover - 15-40 mins
how does saliva govern the shape of the stephan curve?
dilutes and clears metabolites
buffers
what does xylitol do?
raises low intra oral pH through increased salivary flow and buffering - inhibits adhesion/growth/metabolism of micro organisms
non cariogenic
action of xylitol?
suppress s mutans
remin of enamel lesion
synergistic with fluoride
chew for 5 mins after eating
what does malnutrition cause with eruption?
delays tooth eruption
causes hypoplastic enamel defects
increased caries through decreased salivary flow
what is the tristan da cuhna study?
before 1940 diet was low sugar, after 1940 sugar was introduced and caries increased
what is the hopewood house study?
australia
dental examinations 1947-1962, diet lacto-vegetarian - little/no sugar. no oh measures and low f and low caries
what is the vipeholm study?
sweden
1945-1953 on 964 mentally handicapped patients
concluded that sugar consumption even at high levels only associayed with small increase caries if taken 4x daye with meals and no sugar between meals
sugar between meals = increased caries
what types of starches are low cariogenic?
cooked staple starches
how much decrease in caries does water fluoridating allow?
20-40% caries reduction
how much of the uk is water fluoridated?
15%
advantages of water fluoridation?
safe cost effective consistent little compliance reaches masses
disadvantages of water fluoridation?
cost
infratstructure
no freedom of choice
fluoride tablets are effective how?
40-50% caries reduction
NaF
0.5mg/day in children over 3
