Caries Mix Flashcards
what type of disclosing agent are used commonly?
erythrosin
what is used for chemical plaque removal?
antibiotics
antiseptics
enzymes
what drugs can cause a dry mouth?
antihypertensives
antidepressants
diuretics
sedatives
what diet advice can be given to reduce caries?
reduced frequency no sugar snacks between meals avoid sugary drinks avoid sticky sugar foods suggest safe alternatives
what is microbial succession?
as strep moves to actinomyces over 1-14 days
what does acidogenic mean?
dietary sugars changed to acid by plaque
what does aciduric mean?
can thrive at a low pH
what is the outer zone of dentine caries?
demineralised, infected, cant remineralised
what is the inner zone?
affected zone
demineralised but can remineralise
minimally infected
what are the 3 modes of action of fluoride?
increased remineralisation
increased resistance to demin
reduced acid production by plaque
what is fluorosis?
enamel hypoplasia
increased fluoride affects anemal matrix and calcification
causes impaired ameloblastic function
treatment of fluorosis?
micro abrasion
bleaching
resin restoration
veneers
what is the content of saliva?
- 5% water
0. 05% electrolyes and proteins
how much saliva is secreted per day and from where?
0.5-0.6 litres per day
submandibular, sublingual and parotid gland
at rest where is the most saliva secreted from?
submandibular
when stimulated where is the most saliva secreted from?
parotid
what is the appearance like of a dry mouth?
dry glossy atrophic mucosa infections angular chelitis hard to speak/swallow/chew caries
what is a PRR done for?
minimal pits/fissure caries
restore caries and seal rest of system
new/recurrent caries are not an issue
why might restorations fail?
new disease - secondary/recurrent caries,pulpal inflammation/trauma
technical failure - tooth/restoration failure,appearance
how to tell how active root surface caries are?
closer to g.margin = more active
softer = more bacteria
deeper = more active
bigger = more active
how to detect approximal caries?
transillumination, ortho seperators, radiographs, floss/probe
what is electronic resistance measurer?
sound enamel insulates
caries = porosities = water/ions = passage of electrinc current
types of electrinic resistance measurers?
vanguard
electronic caries meter
what is DIFOTI?
uses transillumination to detect approx caries
how are dyes used for caries detection?
demin at advancing front, stains demineralised tissue
false negatives/non sepcific
what is diagnodent?
uses laser to fluoresce tooth tissue
caries alters fluorescing
low reading = sound tooth
QLF better
what are vertical bitewings used to detect?
furcations
severity and pattern of bone loss
what is the rapid drop on a stephan curve caused by?
rapid drop in pH caused by plaque metabolising sugar
what causes a slow rise in the stephan curve?
slow rise is caused by acid products diffusing out and action of saliva
how long does pH recovery take?
15-40 mins
what governs the shape of a stephan curve?
saliva
dilutes an clears metabolites
buffers
how does xylitol work to prevent caries?
suppresses Smutans
remineralisation of initial enamel lesion
synergistic with fluoride
how might malnutrition affect teeth?
delayed tooth eruption
hyperplastic enamel structure
increase caries because reduced saliva
when does etched enamel remineralise?
24 hours
how to do a fissure sealant?
clean fissures acid etch 15-20 seconds wash isolate dry apply sealant light cure or self cure
what does sealing over caries cause?
cariostasis
caries vaccinations against what?
strep mutans
translucent zone?
1-2% porosity
1st carious change
large pores = periphery lost
dark zone?
5-10% porosity
large and small pores
demin/remin
body of lesion?
25-50% porosity
surface zone?
highly mineralised - high F content
1-2% porosity
what are arrested caries?
wide well developed dark zones
how is cavitation caused?
demineralisation and bacterial invasion
defence mechanisms against caries?
- reactionary/tertiary dentine
- sclerotic/translucent dentine
- if rapid progression, there is no sclerosis and odontoblasts dies = may be some reparative dentine
what is the critical pH of fluoroapatite?
4.5
