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NPTE Cardio and Lymph > Medical and Surgical Management of Cardiovascular Disease > Flashcards

Medical and Surgical Management of Cardiovascular Disease Flashcards

1
Q

Ace inhibitors

A

inhibit conversion of angiotensin 1 to angiotensin II

decrease Na retention and peripheral VC to DEC BP

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2
Q

Angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARBs)

A

DEC BP

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3
Q

Nitrates

A

dec preload through peripheral VD
reduce myocardial oxygen demand
reduce chest discomfort
might dilate coronary arteries helping coronary blood flow

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4
Q

Beta adrenergic blocking agents

A

DEC HR and contractility
control arrhythmias, chest pain
DEC BP

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5
Q

Ca channel blockers

A

Dec HR
dec contractility
dilate coronary arteries
DEC BP

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6
Q

Antiarrythmias

A

Restore normal heart rhythm

improve CO

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7
Q

Digitalis

A

increase contractility

DEC HR

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8
Q

Diuretics

A

Dec myocardial work (reduce pre and afterload)

Control BP

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9
Q

Aspirin

A

dec platelet aggregation

might prevent MI

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10
Q

Tranquilizers

A

dec anxiety, sympathetic effects

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11
Q

Hypolipidemic agents

A

Cholesterol lowering drugs

reduce serum lipid levels

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12
Q

Activity restriction - acute MI

A

once acute MI has stopped, activity can increase but should be limited to 5 METs or 70% of age predicted HR max for 4 to 6 wks following MI

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13
Q

Activity restriction - Acute heart failure

A

oxygen demand should not be increased in pt in acute or decompensated failure
activity can be gradually inc once not showing signs of decompensation

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14
Q

Surgical intervention - Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty

A

under fluroscopy - surgical dilation of BV using small balloon tipped catheter inlated inside the lumen
Improved coronary blood flow

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15
Q

Surgical intervention - intravascular stents

A

endoprosthesis (wire mesh) implanted postangioplasty to prevent restenosis and occlusion in artery

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16
Q

Surgical intervention - Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)

A

using anastamosing graft

improved coronary blood flow

17
Q

Surgical interventions - Transplant

A

used in end stage myocardial disease

18
Q

Surgical interventions - Transplant - Heteroptics

A

Involves leaving the natural heart and piggybacking the donor heart

19
Q

Surgical interventions - Transplant - Orthotopic

A

involves removing the diseased heart and replacing it with the donor heart

20
Q

Surgical interventions - Transplant - Heart and lung transplantation

A

Involves removing both organs and replacing them with donor organs

NPTE Cardio and Lymph (9 decks)

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