Media theoretical framework Flashcards
What is an Injunction?
Stop a news outlet from publishing a certain piece of private information.
The news meaning:
- A report.
- Public interest.
- Celebrity.
- A notification of current events.
- Expect the news to be unbiased.
- Can be more celebrity based than political.
- Newly received or noteworthy information, especially about recent events.
What is a Super-injunction?
One step further by doing the above and preventing the media from publishing anything about the existence of the injunction itself.
Traditionally (pre-internet), there were 3 main ways to access the news, what are they are what do they all require?
- Radio
- TV
- Newspapers
They all require your participation and you to buy them ~ problematic.
What does Bias and news values mean?
We might only see news that is chosen by the news editors – most of these tend to be white, middle-aged, middle-class men.
What is Gatekeeping Theory?
The news we see is controlled by a few people in positions of power in news institutions ~ these news editors decide what stories make the news bulletins ~ we only see a very small proportion of what is really happening in the world, and only news that these gatekeepers think is interesting.
News Values Analysis - what does negativity mean?
Bad news (Involving death, tragedy, bankruptcy, violence, damage, natural disasters, political upheaval or simply extreme weather conditions) is always rated above ‘positive’ stories (royal weddings, celebrations etc).
News Values Analysis - what does Recency mean?
The recency of the news is really important because people want to know about stories as they happen.
News Values Analysis - what does Exclusivity mean?
News outlets are very competitive about breaking news ~ if a newspaper or news programme is the first and only news organisation breaking a story, then they will rate that very highly.
News Values Analysis - what does Size/threshold mean?
The bigger impact a story has ~ the more people it affects ~ the more money/resources it involves ~ the higher its value.
News Values Analysis - what does Proximity (closeness to) mean?
Audiences supposedly relate more to stories that are close to them geographically, or involve people from their country, or those that are reported that way.
News Values Analysis - what does Continuity mean?
Events that are likely to have a continuing impact (a war, a two week sports tournament) have a high value when the story breaks, as they will develop into an ongoing narrative which will get audiences to ‘tune in tomorrow’.
These stories stay in the public eye for some time and are deemed valuable.
The story may run for weeks and weeks, even if nothing new really happens.
News Values Analysis - what does Uniqueness mean?
Any story which covers a unique or unusual event (two-headed elephant born to Birmingham woman) has news values.
News Values Analysis - what does Simplicity mean?
Stories which are easy to explain are preferred over stories which are not (Consider the Palestinian conflicts).
News Values Analysis - what does Expectedness mean?
Does the event match the expectations of a news organisation and its audience?
If a news story conforms to the preconceived ideas of those covering it, then it has expectedness as an important news value.