Media theoretical framework Flashcards

1
Q

What is an Injunction?

A

Stop a news outlet from publishing a certain piece of private information.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The news meaning:

A
  • A report.
  • Public interest.
  • Celebrity.
  • A notification of current events.
  • Expect the news to be unbiased.
  • Can be more celebrity based than political.
  • Newly received or noteworthy information, especially about recent events.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a Super-injunction?

A

One step further by doing the above and preventing the media from publishing anything about the existence of the injunction itself.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Traditionally (pre-internet), there were 3 main ways to access the news, what are they are what do they all require?

A
  • Radio
  • TV
  • Newspapers

They all require your participation and you to buy them ~ problematic.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does Bias and news values mean?

A

We might only see news that is chosen by the news editors – most of these tend to be white, middle-aged, middle-class men.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is Gatekeeping Theory?

A

The news we see is controlled by a few people in positions of power in news institutions ~ these news editors decide what stories make the news bulletins ~ we only see a very small proportion of what is really happening in the world, and only news that these gatekeepers think is interesting.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

News Values Analysis - what does negativity mean?

A

Bad news (Involving death, tragedy, bankruptcy, violence, damage, natural disasters, political upheaval or simply extreme weather conditions) is always rated above ‘positive’ stories (royal weddings, celebrations etc).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

News Values Analysis - what does Recency mean?

A

The recency of the news is really important because people want to know about stories as they happen.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

News Values Analysis - what does Exclusivity mean?

A

News outlets are very competitive about breaking news ~ if a newspaper or news programme is the first and only news organisation breaking a story, then they will rate that very highly.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

News Values Analysis - what does Size/threshold mean?

A

The bigger impact a story has ~ the more people it affects ~ the more money/resources it involves ~ the higher its value.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

News Values Analysis - what does Proximity (closeness to) mean?

A

Audiences supposedly relate more to stories that are close to them geographically, or involve people from their country, or those that are reported that way.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

News Values Analysis - what does Continuity mean?

A

Events that are likely to have a continuing impact (a war, a two week sports tournament) have a high value when the story breaks, as they will develop into an ongoing narrative which will get audiences to ‘tune in tomorrow’.
These stories stay in the public eye for some time and are deemed valuable.
The story may run for weeks and weeks, even if nothing new really happens.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

News Values Analysis - what does Uniqueness mean?

A

Any story which covers a unique or unusual event (two-headed elephant born to Birmingham woman) has news values.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

News Values Analysis - what does Simplicity mean?

A

Stories which are easy to explain are preferred over stories which are not (Consider the Palestinian conflicts).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

News Values Analysis - what does Expectedness mean?

A

Does the event match the expectations of a news organisation and its audience?
If a news story conforms to the preconceived ideas of those covering it, then it has expectedness as an important news value.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

News Values Analysis - what does Elite nations/people mean?

A

Any story which covers an important, powerful nation (or organisation) has greater news values than a story which covers a less important nation. The same goes for people.

17
Q

News Values Analysis - what does Personlisation mean?

A

Human interest stories that are about real people.

18
Q

Who came up with the list of news values in 1973?

A

Media researchers Galtung & Ruge.

19
Q

Which elements of the news values do you notice?

A

Proximity, negativity and continuity.

20
Q

What generic conventions do you see?

A

Serif traditional masthead - more like a broadsheet but tabloid because of the images and the sensationalising of the news. Image led, gossip.

21
Q

Does anything hint at the paper’s political leanings?

A

Serif traditional masthead ~ Conservative.

22
Q

What does Regional mean?

A

Contains some national and international news, but focus on news relating to a specific area.

23
Q

What is a feature of a regional newspaper?

A

Focus more on events in and around the community.

24
Q

What is an example of a regional newspaper?

A

The Bath Chronicle.

25
Q

What does Local mean?

A

Contains some national and international news but focus on fairly local news topics in detail.

26
Q

What is a feature of a local newspaper?

A

Cover news and events in a specific region, such as a state or province.

27
Q

What is an example of a local newspaper?

A

The Bristol Post.

28
Q

What is a tabloid?

A

Cover all national and international news. Often contain a certain amount of more ‘gossipy’ or scandalous news items.

29
Q

What are features of a tabloid newspaper?

A
  • Leads with an image.
  • Sensationalised often punning headlines.
  • ‘Popular’ press.
  • Aimed at lower social groupings (C2,D & E).
  • Bold layout (e.g. colour on the masthead, very bold typeface, easy to read), with large, dramatic pictures.
  • Shorter articles, more pictures, less ‘in-depth’ reporting.
  • Puns and jokes in headlines.
  • More focus on human interest stories, celebrity gossip.
  • Use of gimmicks such as bingo games, free travel tickets, phone-in surveys.
30
Q

What are examples of tabloid newspapers?

A
  • The Daily Mirror.
  • The Sun.
31
Q

What is a Broadsheet?

A

The largest type of newspaper! Cover all national and international news, often in a serious or formal way.

32
Q

What are features of a broadsheet newspaper?

A
  • Traditional (serif) masthead.
  • Often contains supplements.
  • Text led ~ longer articles.
  • Aimed at higher social groupings (A,B,C1).
  • ‘Quality’ or ‘serious’ press.
  • Serious headlines ~ more focus on politics, international news.
33
Q

What are examples of broadsheet newspapers?

A
  • The Times.
  • The Daily Mail.
34
Q

What are the Social demographic gradings?

A

Money and class = separate.

35
Q

What is the difference between tabloid and broatsheet?

A

BROADSHEET:

  • ‘Quality’ or ‘serious’ press.
  • Aimed at higher social groupings (A,B,C1).
  • Plainer layout (Little colour on the front page, smaller typeface suggests readers will make more effort to read it), and subtle, possibly smaller, pictures.
  • Longer articles, more detailed.
  • Serious headlines.
  • More focus on politics, international news.

TABLOIDS:

  • ‘Popular’ press.
  • Aimed at lower social groupings (C2,D & E).
  • Bold layout (e.g. colour on the masthead, very bold typeface, easy to read), with large, dramatic pictures.
  • Shorter articles, more pictures, less ‘in-depth’ reporting
    Puns and jokes in headlines.
  • More focus on human interest stories, celebrity gossip.
  • Use of gimmicks such as bingo games, free travel tickets, phone-in surveys.
36
Q

What is the news?

A

Newly received or noteworthy information, especially about recent events.