Media Flashcards
The media
With the emergence of other mass media, radio as a medium may be at stake in the future.
با ظهور رسانه های گروهی دیگر رادیو به عنوان یک رسانه ممکن است در آینده در خطر باشد.
The role of the news media in forming public opinion is very important.
کلمه media را هیچگاه بدون the به کار نبرید.
با media همیشه از فعل جمع استفاده کنید.
مفرد media کلمه medium است.
عبارت at stake یعنی در معرض خطر
رسانه های گروهی the mass media
Obsolete
No longer useful, because something newer and better has been invented
از مد افتاده = out-of-date
One of the main reasons why radio would not become obsolete in the near future is that driving is common across the world and the radio is a regular device installed in a car.
Will computers render books obsolete?
وقتی می گوییم thing1 render thing2 obsolete یعنی چیز۱ باعث از مد افتادن چیز۲ می شود.
Obsolete رافقط برای اشیا و تکنولوژی به کار ببرید
Means of
A way of doing or achieving something
Listening to the radio while driving is an effective means of taking full advantage of time and gaining the latest information.
For most people, the car is still their main means of transport.
کلمه means در حالت مفرد و جمع همیشه s دارد.
Access
Access to the papers is restricted to senior management.
For those people who have no time in watching TV, radio provides easy access to information.
کلمه access هم اسم است و هم فعل. در حالت اسم می توان از حرف اضافه to استفاده کرد اما در حالت فعل از حرف اضافه استفاده نکنید.
You can access the latest information.
You can have access to the latest information.
The advent of something
The advent of other technologies has also sustained the popularity of radio.
Sustain حفظ کردن
Convey
To communicate or express something, with or without using words
رساندن / نقل کردن
Radio is unable to convey messages with sight and motion as television or Internet does.
All this information can be conveyed in a simple diagram.
Hi-tech/ High-tech
High-tech industries
The improvement in hi-tech devices
Prevalence
Being common at a particular time, in a particular place, or among a particular group of people
شیوع
Because of their prevalence, televisions and films are among those media that potentially affect, change or mould people’s thoughts and behaviors.
Drug abuse is the most prevalent problem among patients in the hospital.
صفت prevalent را به معنی شایع و متداول می توان به جای common هم به کار برد
Censor
سانسور کردن
Some programs should be censored so as to curb violence.
The information given to the press was carefully censored by the Ministry of Defense.
فعل curb به معنی محدود کردن به جای limit استفاده می شود.
Audience
Audiences imitate their role models.
مخاطبین از الگوهای خود تقلید می کنند.
استفاده از کلمه pattern و symbol به جای شخص (الگو) اشتباه است. از role model استفاده شود.
کلمه audience باید با فعل جمع بیاید.
Broadcast
Aiming at a high audience rating, TV program producers are inclined to broadcast crime reports.
Pervasive
The pervasive influence of television
Any invention as pervasive as television is bound to have some harmful effects.
در نوشته های خود به جای will و would می توانید از to be bound to استفاده کنید. این ترکیب برای writing بسیار مناسب است زیرا کمی ایده ها را غیر قطعی تر می کند.
Isolated
Children of very rich parents can grow up isolated from the rest of society.
to be exposed to
Not to be protected against
There is the issue of whether or not children should be exposed to such violent images.
Many people are exposed to fumes from industrial process.
Traumatised
To be badly shocked and affected by something for a very long time
آسیب روحی دیدن
Violent images on television can be potentially disturbing for children and that some of them may be severely traumatized by seeing such things.
These children have been traumatized by the violence in their home.
برای تمام رسانه ها از حرف اضافه on استفاده می شود.
از potentially می توانید قبل از صفات خود استفاده کنید. این صفت یعنی در حال حاضر اینطوری نیست ولی کم کم می شود. وقتی می گوییم potentially dangerous …
Forewarn
To warn someone about something dangerous, unpleasant, or unexpected before it happens
Viewers are not always forewarned that a report may include distressing pictures.
We’d been forewarned of the dangers of traveling at night.
Regulate
To control an activity or process, especially by rules
تنظیم کردن
Now all our free time is regulated by the media, especially television. We rush home or gulp down our meals to be in time for this or that program.
Sweating helps regulate body temperature.
کلمه specially یعنی برای هدف خاصی ساخته شده یا انجام شده و کلمه expecially با کاما یعنی خصوصا
The stamps were specially designed to …
Paris is always full of tourists, especially during the summer months.
Demand
Television demands absolute silence and attention.
Angry demonstrators demanded the resignation of two senior officials.
تظاهرات کنندگان خشن تقاضای استعفای دو مقام ارشد را داشتند
Be common/standard/normal practice
To be the usual and accepted way of doing something
رویه معمول شدن
It is now standard practice for mother to keep the children quiet by putting them in front of the TV set.
در حال حاضر این برای مادران یک رویه معمول شده است که کودکان را با گذاشتن آنها در مقابل تلویزیون ساکت نگه دارند.
It is common practice in many countries for pupils to repeat a year if their grades are low.
Commercial
Part of the reason that commercials are effective is that they are, in a sense, invisible.
Media education has been shown to be effective in mitigating some of the negative effects of advertising on children adolecsents.
عبارت in a sense یعنی به نوعی
برای کم کردن اثرات چیزی می توانید از mitigate یا alleviate استفاده کنید.
Stifle
To stop something from happening or developing
خفه کردن/خاموش کردن
Everyday, television stifles creativity in children because of its passive enjoyments.
Teachers have been attacked for stifling creativity in their pupils.
Dependent
We have become utterly dependent on/upon the two most primitive media of communication: pictures and spoken word.
Content with
Happy and satisfied with
خوشحال و راضی از
We become content with second-hand experiences.
We’ll be content with the result in tomorrow’s match.
Cut somebody/something off
To separate something by cutting it away from the main part
کسی/چیزی را از اصل خود جدا کردن
Little by little, television cuts us off from the real world.
کم کم تلویزیون ما را از دنیای واقعی جدا می کند.
One of his fingers was cut off in the accident.
Splendid
پر زرق و برق
Television may be a splendid medium of communication, but it prevents us from communicating with each other.
Mean (that)
باعث شدن (که)
Increased speed of communication means that people can act much more quickly.
Change beyond recognition
Change completely
Newspapers have changed almost beyond recognition.
The bakery business has changed beyond recognition in the last 10 years.
Conceivable
Able to be believed or imagined
قابل تصور
We are exposed to a wealth of information, barely conceivable at the beginning of the last century.
We discussed the problem from every conceivable angle.
Opp: invonceivable
Freedom of expression/speech
Freedom of expression is the keystone of a free country.
Abuse position
To deliberately use position for the wrong purpose or for your own advantage
سو استفاده از مقام
While the media may occasionally abuse its position of power, the benefits greatly outweigh the disadvantages.
Williams abused his position as Mayer to give jobs to his friends.
Exercise
To use a power, right, or quality that you have
استفاده از حق یا قدرتی که دارید
You should exercise your right as a parent to protect your children from undesirable influences.
There are plans to encourage people to exercise their right to vote.
You should exercise censorship where children are concerned.
Influence, impact, effect
کلمه influence معمولا تاثیر روی رفتار یا طرز فکر کسی است.
کلمه impact معمولا تاثیر برزگی است که به خاطر یک رویداد یا اتفاق خاص به وجود می آید.
کلمه effect شامل همه موارد
The article talks about the influence of television on sporting events.
We need to assess the impact on climate change.
For the good of somebody / something
برای منفعت …
Censorship is for the good of society as a whole.
We must work together for the good of the community.
The common good
منفعت عموم
Like the law, censorship contributes to the common good.
Drunk-driving laws were made for the common good.
